{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:49:40Z","timestamp":1791798580372,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon\u2010like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RAs) have been associated with systemic anti\u2010inflammatory effects in addition to weight loss. Their effect on idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) has not been evaluated. This study aimed to characterize the effect of GLP\u20101RAs on surgery\u2010free interval (SFI) in iSGS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single\u2010institution academic center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred and twenty\u2010three iSGS patients were reviewed for GLP\u20101RA usage. SFI, and secondary measures of weight loss, body mass index (BMI), and Cotton\u2010Myer grade before and after starting GLP\u20101RAs were analyzed. Patients were excluded if GLP\u20101RAs were begun prior to establishing SFI, or if serial intralesional steroid injection or endoscopic or open cricotracheal resection were performed. Statistical comparisons for SFI and weight loss were performed with paired\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests, univariate, and multiple linear regression, and a generalized linear mixed\u2010effects model was used to compare Cotton\u2010Myer grades, with a threshold for significance of\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010two patients (14%) were taking GLP\u20101RAs, with 14 meeting the inclusion criteria. SFI increased by a mean of 10.7 months, or 68.5% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001). Patients lost 39 pounds on average, with a mean BMI decrement of 6.8 points (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). There was no appreciable correlation between weight loss, initial BMI, and SFI on multiple linear regression (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.92, adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.16) or univariate linear regression between SFI and weight loss (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.98,\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) or BMI (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.72,\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). There was no difference in Cotton\u2010Myer grade at the time of surgery between patients before and after starting therapy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.44).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP\u20101RA therapy increases SFI in iSGS independent of initial BMI or weight loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T14:01:52Z","timestamp":1783346512000},"page":"898-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GLP\u20101 Receptor Agonist Effect on Disease Severity in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"175","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9864-2698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronit E.","family":"Malka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6112-8361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Triantafillou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-5479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niloufar","family":"Saeedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8925-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee M.","family":"Akst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon R.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9255-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Motz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8471-5449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander T.","family":"Hillel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland 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