{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:00:28Z","timestamp":1785225628689,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To synthesize the prevalence of otolaryngologic manifestations in CHARGE syndrome (CS) to support otolaryngologists in delivering comprehensive management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed\/MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for English\u2010 and French\u2010language studies published from January 1980 through January 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This systematic review and proportional meta\u2010analysis adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Screening and extraction were performed (January\u2010May 2025) by 2 independent reviewers using a standardized template. Pooled prevalence estimates were generated using random\u2010effects models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs);heterogeneity was assessed with\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy studies (1564 patients; predominantly case series) were included. Airway findings included choanal atresia (reported across 58 studies; unilateral 15.4%, 95% CI 11.6\u201019.2; bilateral 31.5%, 95% CI 23.3\u201039.7), laryngomalacia (8 studies; 27.7%, 95% CI 16.3\u201028.1), and tracheostomy (13 studies; 23.6%, 95% CI 16.9\u201027.5). Olfactory abnormalities were reported in 15 studies (28.8%, 95% CI 14.7\u201042.9). Craniofacial findings included facial palsy (39 studies; 35.2%, 95% CI 29.8\u201040.7) and cleft lip\/palate (43 studies; 25.6%, 95% CI 23.1\u201028.2). Otologic abnormalities were frequent, including chronic otitis media with effusion (11 studies; 54.5%, 95% CI 48.4\u201060.7), semicircular canal hypoplasia\/aplasia (29 studies; 73.6%, 95% CI 59.9\u201085.2), cochlear hypoplasia (26 studies; 49.8%, 95% CI 37.4\u201062.2), cochlear nerve hypoplasia (13 studies; 49.1%, 95% CI 34.4\u201063.8), and sensorineural hearing loss (27 studies; 56.9%, 95% CI 52.7\u201061.1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CS is associated with a substantial ENT disease burden extending beyond choanal atresia, including frequent airway compromise, olfactory dysfunction, craniofacial anomalies, and vestibulocochlear malformations. Early, comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment with otolaryngology involvement is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:16:49Z","timestamp":1785223009000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CHARGE Syndrome: What an Otolaryngologist Should Know\u2014A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Camille","family":"Caron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massil","family":"Badji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine McGill University Montreal Quebec 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