{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:20:56Z","timestamp":1788261656150,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This scientific briefing reports preliminary 5\u2010year recovery outcomes from COVID\u201019\u2010associated smell loss in a nationwide cohort. Adults with confirmed COVID\u201019 infection and self\u2010reported smell loss since January 2020 were surveyed through a longitudinal web\u2010based questionnaire, and a follow\u2010up survey was distributed to participants who had completed a prior 2\u2010year study. Among 419 respondents (mean age 45.7\u2009\u00b1\u200913.7 years; 79.0% female; 84.5% white), 44.2% reported complete smell recovery, 48.4% partial recovery, and 7.4% no recovery or worsening smell. Complete recovery was significantly higher in participants younger than 40 years (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) but did not differ by gender (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.51). Compared with 2\u2010year outcomes, the rate of complete recovery increased from 38.4% to 44.3%. These findings indicate that while modest additional recovery occurs beyond 2 years, olfactory dysfunction persists in more than half of patients 5 years after COVID\u201019\u2010associated smell loss. While a much larger analysis is currently in progress, this report represents the longest\u2010term results published to date.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:12:36Z","timestamp":1788261156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Five Year Recovery From COVID\u201019 Smell Loss: Preliminary Report from a Nationwide Survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6243-276X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9330-637X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan R.","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6839-3520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard M.","family":"Costanzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6485-2075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2022.103607","article-title":"Recovery from Covid\u201019 smell loss: two\u2010years of follow up","volume":"43","author":"McWilliams MP","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2025.1538821","article-title":"Long\u2010term self\u2010reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in COVID\u201019 subjects experiencing persistent olfactory dysfunction: a 4\u2010year follow\u2010up study","volume":"19","author":"Saccardo T","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28773","article-title":"Association between orthonasal olfaction and chemosensory perception in patients with smell loss","volume":"130","author":"Liu DT","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.33815","article-title":"Olfactory dysfunction after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in the RECOVER adult cohort","volume":"8","author":"Horwitz LI","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"While It May Go Unnoticed Loss of Smell May Linger for Years After COVID\u201019. NYU Langone News. Accessed February 2 2026.https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/news\/while\u2010it\u2010may\u2010go\u2010unnoticed\u2010loss\u2010smell\u2010may\u2010linger\u2010years\u2010after\u2010covid\u201019"},{"issue":"31","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6806","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3261-17.2018","article-title":"The neuroregenerative capacity of olfactory stem cells is not limitless: implications for aging","volume":"38","author":"Child KM","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00242","article-title":"Sex differences in human olfaction: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"10","author":"Sorokowski P","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3702","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14994","article-title":"Predictive factors of smell recovery in a clinical series of 288 coronavirus disease 2019 patients with olfactory dysfunction","volume":"28","author":"Saussez S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Specific persistent symptoms of COVID\u201019 and associations with reinfection: a community\u2010based survey study in southern China","volume":"12","author":"Liu D","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2024.1457527","article-title":"The effectiveness of olfactory training for chronic olfactory disorder following COVID\u201019: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Treder\u2010Rochna N","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-026-10013-5","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of anti\u2010neuroinflammatory supplement combined with olfactory training on post\u2010covid olfactory dysfunction: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"283","author":"Shi Y","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Part 3: perspectives on olfactory and gustatory dysfunction pathophysiology, management and relevance to COVID\u201019: rationale for auricular cranial nerve stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Liebell D","year":"2023","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.70420","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ohn.70420","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.70420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:12:38Z","timestamp":1788261158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ohn.70420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ohn.70420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ohn.70420","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ohn.70420"}}