{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T17:04:22Z","timestamp":1789405462274,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the cost\u2010effectiveness of unilateral cochlear implants (UCIs) in Chinese adults with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss, which helps to inform the introduction of a new intervention for underserved adult patients with severe hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cost\u2010effectiveness analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six tertiary hospitals located in north, east, south, and west China, designated as National Regional Medical Centers or WHO Collaborating Centers for the Prevention of Deafness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a Markov model, we conducted cost effectiveness analysis over the patient's lifetime and from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system. Costs and outcomes are discounted by 5% annually. Compared with the control measures of hearing aids (HAs), interventions for UCIs include surgery, rehabilitation, regular maintenance, and periodic replacements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incremental cost of UCIs versus HAs was 216,414.37 CNY, which was accompanied by an incremental utility value of 3.34 QALYs. Therefore, UCIs demonstrated superior cost\u2010effectiveness compared with HAs. The incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 64,794.72 Chinese yuan (CNY)\/quality\u2010adjusted life years (QALY), indicating that the cost required to gain one additional QALY was 64,794.72 CNY. The ICER was below the World Health Organization\u2010recommended threshold of 1 to 3 times the GDP per capita (China's 2022 GDP per capita range\u2009=\u200985,698\u2010257,094 CNY) and falls within 47% to 88% of the per capita GDP (research estimates 77%). Sensitivity analyses and age\u2010based scenario analyses indicated good stability of the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UCIs are a cost\u2010effective intervention for adults in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T16:16:23Z","timestamp":1789402583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cost\u2010Effectiveness of Unilateral Cochlear Implants in Chinese Adults: Decision Analytical Modeling"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province &amp; Ministry of Health (23618504), Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"},{"name":"Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingpeng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Technology Assessment and Innovation Development China National Health Development Research Center (National Center for Medicine and Health Technology Assessment) Beijing China"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Population Health The University of Sheffield Sheffield England UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Technology Assessment and Innovation Development China National Health Development Research Center (National Center for Medicine and Health Technology Assessment) Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alec","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Science, Strathclyde Business School University of Strathclyde Glasgow Scotland UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junrui","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province &amp; Ministry of Health (23618504), Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"},{"name":"Public Health College Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afr155","article-title":"Severity of age\u2010related hearing loss is associated with impaired activities of daily living","volume":"41","author":"Gopinath B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.21.285643","article-title":"The world report on hearing, 2021","volume":"99","author":"Chadha S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Report on Hearing Health in China","author":"Long M","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"GBD. 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