{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:02:12Z","timestamp":1790686932379,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 DC022972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 DC022972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify patient\u2010 and provider\u2010level determinants of PT referrals for peripheral vestibular disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study using electronic health record data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A large health system in western Pennsylvania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included individuals 18 years of age or older with a new encounter for a peripheral vestibular disorder between 1\/1\/2017 and 6\/30\/2022. The primary outcome was PT referral. Exposures included patient age, gender, race, insurance, urbanization, area deprivation index (ADI), Elixhauser comorbidity index, peripheral vestibular diagnosis, provider type, and specialty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 20,468 individuals (mean [SD] age 59 [13] years and 69.3% female) with an incident peripheral vestibular disorder visit with 21.7% having a referral to PT. In adjusted models, patients more likely to receive a PT referral were 70 years of age or older (OR\u2009=\u20091.23, 95% CI: 1.04\u20101.45) versus &lt;50 years of age, female (OR\u2009=\u20091.18, 95% CI: 1.07\u20101.3), have Medicaid (OR\u2009=\u20091.20, 95% CI: 1.04\u20101.39) versus commercial insurance, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (OR\u2009=\u20091.88, 95% CI: 1.57\u20102.26) versus other peripheral vestibular diagnoses, and 3+ comorbidities (OR\u2009=\u20091.22, 95% CI: 1.07\u20101.38) versus no comorbidities. Neurology was more likely to refer (OR\u2009=\u20096.10, 95% CI: 2.56\u201014.58), and emergency medicine was less likely to refer to PT (OR\u2009=\u20090.18, 95% CI: 0.08\u20100.39) compared to otolaryngology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identified patient\u2010 and provider\u2010level determinants of PT referrals for use when identifying strategies to equitably improve PT referrals in health systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:36:45Z","timestamp":1790685405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of Physical Therapy Referral for Peripheral Vestibular Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9181-4533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela M.","family":"Dunlap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Data Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Terhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Data Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"McTigue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet K.","family":"Freburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000004185","article-title":"Epidemiology and comorbidities of vestibular disorders: preliminary findings of the AVOCADO study","volume":"45","author":"Thorman IB","year":"2024","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/09574271251392050","article-title":"Dizziness and its 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