{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T10:09:17Z","timestamp":1783764557438,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the impact of sound exposure, with the resultant windows vibration on perilymphatic concentrations following intratympanic (IT) dexamethasone and gentamicin in an animal model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal model blinded study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal facility of a tertiary medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilateral IT dexamethasone or gentamicin was applied to 15 tested rats. Following injections, each rat was exposed for 3\u00a0minutes to free field 30\u2009dB sound pressure level (SPL), 512\u2009vHz noise, with 1\u00a0external auditory canal plugged (contralateral control). Following noise exposure, perilymph was obtained from both ears. Drug concentrations were measured using ultrahigh\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For dexamethasone, the average (\u00b1SD) perilymphatic steroidal concentration was 0.417\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (\u00b10.549) in the control ears versus 0.487\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (\u00b10.636) in the sound\u2010exposed ears (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008). The average (\u00b1SD) gentamicin perilymphatic concentration was 8.628\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (\u00b12.549) in the sound\u2010exposed ears, compared to 4.930\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (\u00b10.668) in the contralateral control (nonsound exposed) ears. Sound exposure promoted steroidal and gentamicin diffusion to the inner ear by an averaged (\u00b1SD) factor of 1.431 and 1.730 (\u00b10.291 and 0.339), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010intensity noise (30\u2009dB SPL) was found to enhance dexamethasone phosphate and gentamicin diffusion to the inner ear (by an averaged factor of \u223c1.4 and 1.7, respectively) in a murine model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T05:05:26Z","timestamp":1714453526000},"page":"1133-1139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sound Exposure Promotes Intratympanic Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5904-1291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omer J.","family":"Ungar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumai","family":"Situ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Spiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital LMU Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent Y.W.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Biological Sciences Platform, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trung N.","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head 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