{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:33:26Z","timestamp":1768350806986,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,21]],"date-time":"2024-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea is common in children with Down syndrome (DS). Tonsillectomy is recommended as the first\u2010line approach in treating children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), however, there is limited data on the long\u2010term outcomes in children with DS who undergo tonsillectomy. In this retrospective study, we examined the long\u2010term polysomnographic and symptomatic outcomes in children with DS who underwent tonsillectomy with or without an adenoidectomy (T&amp;A). We hypothesize that the success of T&amp;A to treat OSA in children with DS will diminish with time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective chart review of children with DS who underwent T&amp;A between 2009 and 2015 was conducted. Inclusion criteria were children with at least 1 postoperative polysomnogram (PSG) within 6 months of T&amp;A with an obstructive apnea\/hypopnea index (OAHI)\u2009&lt;\u20095. Outcomes were determined by subsequent clinic visits and postoperative polysomnograms: OAHI\u2009\u2265\u20095, snoring reported during clinic visit and time to reoccurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childrens Hospital Colorado.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 57 children with mild OSA at 1st (initial) PSG, 13\/40 (33%) children had OAHI\u2009\u2265\u20095 at the 2nd postoperative PSG. Of the 18 patients who underwent a 3rd PSG, 4 (22%) progressed to moderate\/severe OSA. A total of 17 patients out of the original 57 (30%) progressed to moderate\/severe OSA with the median time for the additional post\u2010op PSG's being 2.3 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with DS who have at most mild OSA (OAHI\u2009&lt;\u20095) following a T&amp;A are at risk for progressing to at least moderate OSA within 2 years after their T&amp;A. A surveillance PSG 2 years following surgery will identify these children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,21]],"date-time":"2024-07-21T03:53:40Z","timestamp":1721534020000},"page":"1918-1924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Longitudinal Success of Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1317-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Obinna R.","family":"Diala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Population Health Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pinar","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Colorado Children's Hospital University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1451-0229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaci","family":"Pickett\u2010Nairne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Center for Research in Outcomes for Children's Surgery Colorado Children's Hospital Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman R.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Colorado Children's Hospital Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5554"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30095"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182418eba"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0020050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6698"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817703921"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817726286"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10850"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2021.110609"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.908","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:11:32Z","timestamp":1760955092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ohn.908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ohn.908"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ohn.908","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}