{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:11:54Z","timestamp":1760969514529,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigate the association between demographic characteristics and emergency department (ED) epistaxis management and outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>TriNetX US collaborative database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults presenting to the ED for epistaxis were retrospectively followed for 7 days. Spanish\u2010speaking patients were propensity score matched to English\u2010speaking patients by demographics and medical history. Outcomes included use of nasal decongestant, nasal packing or cautery, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, endoscopic control of hemorrhage, hospital admission, and mortality. The analysis was also performed with stratification by race and ethnicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spanish\u2010speaking patients were less likely to receive nasal packing or cautery [odds ratio, OR: 0.78; 95% confidence interval, CI: (0.68; 0.90)] or diagnostic nasal endoscopy [OR: 0.72; 95% CI: (0.52; 0.98)] compared to English\u2010speaking patients. Black patients were more likely to receive treatment with a nasal decongestant spray [OR: 1.31; 95% CI: (1.27, 1.36)], but less likely to receive any other treatment compared to White patients. Asian patients were less likely to undergo nasal packing or cautery [OR: 0.90; 95% CI: (0.82; 0.99)], but had more ED visits [(1.37; 1.32) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01] compared to White patients. Hispanic patients were less likely to be admitted [OR: 0.93; 95% CI: (0.87; 0.98)], and averaged fewer ED visits [(1.27; 1.30) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=<jats:italic>\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;.0001] compared to non\u2010Hispanic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While demographic trends in ED epistaxis management are nuanced, our results suggest that Spanish\u2010speaking, Black, Asian, and Hispanic patients are less likely to receive diagnostic and epistaxis control procedures. Additional research is needed to determine the etiology of these differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T05:03:03Z","timestamp":1723179783000},"page":"110-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Demographic Differences in Emergency Room Epistaxis Treatment Patterns and Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Herrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcela Moran","family":"Mojica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of University of 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