{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:24:37Z","timestamp":1791084277608,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the incidence, etiology, demographics, and treatment of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma before, during, and after COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010three health care organizations across the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TriNetX Research Network identified 77,977,880 patients during 2017 to 2022. CMF fractures and soft tissue injuries during March to August of each year, aligning with the 2020 pandemic lockdown, were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2020, compared to immediately prepandemic in 2019, there were significant reductions of \u221217.5% in facial fractures and \u221219.0% in soft tissue injuries (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Conversely, in 2021, both injury types increased by +16.7% and +16.3%, respectively, compared to 2020 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Changes in injury mechanisms in 2020 included significant decreases in athletic injuries (\u221257.6%), falls (\u221216.8%), assaults (\u221215.5%), motor vehicle collisions (\u22128.7%), and pedestrian accidents (\u22126.9%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01), while off\u2010road vehicle (+48.4%), bicycle (+16.2%), and motorcycle (+8.9%) accidents increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). The 10\u2010 to 14\u2010 and 5\u2010 to 9\u2010year\u2010old age groups experienced the most substantial reductions in facial fractures (\u221239.7% and \u221229.9%, respectively) and soft tissue injuries (\u221229.2% and \u221228.3%, respectively) in 2020 compared to 2019 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Operative management of fractures and soft tissue injuries dropped by \u221220.3% and \u221212.4%, respectively, in 2020 versus 2019, and then rebounded with +15.8% and +14.6% increases in 2021 compared to 2020 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). In 2022, compared to prepandemic rates of 2019, there were fewer patients with facial fractures (\u22122.8%), soft tissue injuries (\u22124.5%), and operative repairs (\u22126.9% for fractures, \u22121.2% for soft tissue injuries) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CMF trauma decreased in 2020, with subsequent years showing a rebound to levels slightly below those immediately prior to pandemic onset. Changes in etiology, demographics, and treatment highlight the complex dynamics of traumatic injuries during periods of societal disruption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T16:00:32Z","timestamp":1727798432000},"page":"444-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of the COVID\u201019 Pandemic on the Incidence, Etiology, Demographics, and Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5902-7054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. 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