{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T04:10:55Z","timestamp":1769746255299,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":137,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the prognostic and predictive roles of the hormone receptor (HRc) subtype in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). We focused on identifying the roles of the progesterone receptor (PR) independent of estrogen receptor (ER) status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nationwide data of 12,508 female patients diagnosed with DCIS with a mean follow-up period of 60.7 months were analyzed. HRc subtypes were classified as ER\u2212\/PR\u2212, ER\u2212\/PR+, ER+\/PR\u2212, and ER+\/PR+ based on ER and PR statuses. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ER+\/PR+ group showed better prognoses than the ER+\/PR\u2212 and ER\u2212\/PR\u2212 groups in the patients who received tamoxifen therapy (p\u00a0=\u00a0.001 and p\u00a0=\u00a0.031, respectively). HRc subtype was an independent prognostic factor (p\u00a0=\u00a0.028). The tamoxifen therapy group showed better survival than the patients who did not receive tamoxifen, but only in the ER+\/PR+ subgroup (p\u00a0=\u00a0.002). Tamoxifen therapy was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 0.619; 95% CI, 0.423\u00a0\u2212\u00a00.907; p\u00a0=\u00a0.014). PR status was a favorable prognostic factor in patients with DCIS who received tamoxifen therapy (p\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001), and it remained a prognostic factor independent of ER status (HR, 0.576; 95% CI, 0.349\u00a0\u2212\u00a00.951; p\u00a0=\u00a0.031).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HRc subtype can be used as both a prognostic and predictive marker in patients with newly diagnosed DCIS. Tamoxifen therapy can improve overall survival in the ER+\/PR+ subtype. PR status has significant prognostic and predictive roles independent of ER status. Testing for the PR status in addition to the ER status is routinely recommended in patients with DCIS to determine the HRc subtype in clinical settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications for Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hormone receptor (HRc) subtype was an independent prognostic factor, and the estrogen receptor (ER)+\/progesterone receptor (PR)\u00a0+\u00a0subtype showed a better survival in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who received tamoxifen therapy. PR was an independent prognostic factor independent of ER, and PR was a favorable prognostic factor in patients with DCIS who received tamoxifen therapy. The HRc subtype could be used as both a prognostic and predictive marker in patients with newly diagnosed DCIS. Testing of PR status in addition to ER status is routinely recommended for patients with DCIS to determine the HRc subtype in clinical settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/onco.13938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T07:25:35Z","timestamp":1629185135000},"page":"e1939-e1950","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hormone Receptor Subtype in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Prognostic and Predictive Roles of the Progesterone Receptor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6597-3119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki-Tae","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Jin","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea St. Vincent's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan-Heun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Joo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee Ye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin Hyang","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seeyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, SaeGyaeRo Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junwon","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korean Breast Cancer Society","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011714461508500_onco13938-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02309","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptor testing in breast cancer: ASCO\/CAP guideline 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