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These barriers, while crucial for brain protection, pose significant challenges for drug delivery, as they restrict the entry of many therapeutic agents into the brain, and this represents the primary manifestation of the absence of pathogenesis\u2010targeting therapeutics. With significant success across multiple cell transplantation research efforts, stem cell therapy has been utilized for decades to treat neurological disorders. They work by replacing injured or lost cells directly, releasing proliferation and neurotrophic factors through autocrine and paracrine actions, suppressing neurological inflammation, and activation of endogenous brain progenitor cells. Nanocarriers derived from stem cells represent an innovative and promising therapeutic strategy for combating neurological diseases, combining faculties of regeneration of stem cells with the precision of nanotechnology. These nanocarriers possess natural biocompatibility and can efficiently cross the BBB to transport the therapeutic agents directly to affected neural tissues, thereby promoting enhanced treatment efficacy while reducing off\u2010target effects. However, key challenges remain in large\u2010scale production, standardization, and long\u2010term safety. 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