{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:09:47Z","timestamp":1774253387692,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemistryOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Our recently proposed Electronically Confined Space Analogy (ECSA) postulate offers a unified framework for interpreting the structure, stability, and photochemical behavior of 18\u2010valence\u2010electron (18\u2010VE) molecules composed of second\u2010row elements. We show that bent triatomic 18\u2010VE isomers, such as ozone, exhibit strong ultraviolet absorption due to delocalized \u03c0 systems and low\u2010energy electronic transitions, whereas their cyclic counterparts are photochemically inert. Bent structures are consistently more stable than cyclic analogs, with stability governed by electronic polarization and symmetry rather than electronegativity. This thermodynamic preference ensures the dominance of UV\u2010absorbing species under atmospheric conditions. Applying ECSA provides a molecular\u2010level explanation for ozone's unique role as Earth's stratospheric UV filter, complementing and extending the traditional Chapman mechanism. We further propose a UV\u2010driven ozone cycle that incorporates excited states and intermediates, offering an improved description of ozone photophysics and atmospheric resilience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/open.202500557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T07:07:06Z","timestamp":1773126426000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Electronically Confined Space Analogy Elucidates How Second\u2010Row Triatomic 18\u2010Valence\u2010Electron Molecules Shape Life and Light"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0814-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Poater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e0nica i Org\u00e0nica &amp; IQTCUB Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"ICREA  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-0277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Vi\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Ci\u00e8ncia de Materials de Barcelona Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas  Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3010-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc","family":"Teixidor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Ci\u00e8ncia de Materials de Barcelona Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas  Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315153919"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja02261a002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed046p811"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"752","volume":"43","author":"H\u00fcckel E.","year":"1937","journal-title":"Zeitschrift F\u00fcr Elektrochemie"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2792(08)60027-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja003233z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.201400403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/physci236099a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr990332q"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01440a023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry","author":"Mingos D. M. P.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-022-00961-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201204397"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201407359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201600510"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja010166f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3765(19990604)5:6<1809::AID-CHEM1809>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.1056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Baerends in Reviews in Computational Chemistry","author":"Bickelhaupt F. M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CC02042K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-019-0265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-61739-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.197507451"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1213229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CP04372B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1234369"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp014319x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NJ01615G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00463a048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"Pioneers of Ozone Research : A Historical Survey","author":"Schmidt M.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.201600414"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","unstructured":"U. E. P. Agency Information on Ozone and Ozone Depletion 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/1999RG900008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/jphystap:019130030019601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.7.000387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/315207a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b701020f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"A Theory of Upper\u2010Atmospheric Ozone","author":"Chapman S.","year":"1930","journal-title":"Memoirs of the Royal Meteorological Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja203428x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/v73-020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3824-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja044809d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.438387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(90)85642-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","unstructured":"T. W.Watts M.Otten J. T.Necaise et al. \u201cFullerene\u2010encapsulated Cyclic Ozone for the Next Generation of Nano\u2010sized Propellants via Quantum Computation\u201d arXiv:2408.13244 [quant\u2010ph] 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1511\/2004.1.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/intox-2014-0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0258496"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2004.06.011"}],"container-title":["ChemistryOpen"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/open.202500557","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/open.202500557","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/open.202500557","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T07:31:55Z","timestamp":1774251115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/open.202500557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/open.202500557"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/open.202500557","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-1363","2191-1363"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-1363","type":"print"},{"value":"2191-1363","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202500557"}}