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An increasing number of genes have been identified as affecting susceptibility and\/or as causative genes for CL\/P in mouse genetic and chemically induced CL and CP studies, as well as in human genome\u2010wide association studies and linkage analysis. While marked progress has been made in the identification of genetic and environmental risk factors for CL\/P, the interplays between these factors are not yet fully understood. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge of CL and CP from genetically engineered mouse models and environmental factors that have been studied in mice. Understanding the regulatory mechanism(s) of craniofacial development may not only advance our understanding of craniofacial developmental biology, but could also provide approaches for the prevention of birth defects and for tissue engineering in craniofacial tissue regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/osi2.1072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T19:26:09Z","timestamp":1592249169000},"page":"3-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Gene\u2013environment interplay and MicroRNAs in cleft lip and cleft palate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3975-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junichi","family":"Iwata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic &amp; Biomedical Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry Houston TX 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