{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T22:18:03Z","timestamp":1740176283693,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010HD\u2010012252"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010HD\u2010012252"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900041C","HHSN268201300025C","HHSN268201300026C","HHSN268201300027C","HHSN268201300028C","HHSN268201300029C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900041C","HHSN268201300025C","HHSN268201300026C","HHSN268201300027C","HHSN268201300028C","HHSN268201300029C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5\u2010R01\u2010DK097046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5\u2010R01\u2010DK097046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Science &amp; Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous equation to predict percent body fat using demographics and anthropometrics have been published but external validation of these equations is limited. The objective of this study was to validate published equations that use anthropometrics for prediction of percent body fat using external data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from the Visceral Fat, Metabolic Rate, and Coronary Heart Disease Risk I (VIM I) Study and the Fels Longitudinal Study (Fels). VIM I was conducted in a subset of subjects from the CARDIA study and included black and white adults 28\u201340\u00a0years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0392). Fels consisted of white participants 8\u201388\u00a0years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,044). Percent body fat assessed by dual X\u2010ray absorptiometry (DXA) in these two studies was compared to results calculated using 13 equations from Stevens et al. and nine other published equations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In general, the Stevens equations performed better than equations from other studies. For example, equation \u201cI\u201c in women in VIM I, Fels adults, and Fels youth, R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> estimates were 0.765, 0.757 and 0.789, respectively. In men the estimates were 0.702 in VIM I, 0.822 in Fels adults and 0.905 in Fels youth. None of the results from the nine published equations showed R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> this high in corresponding groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that several of the Stevens equations have external validity superior to that of nine other published equations among varying age groups, genders and races.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T23:08:41Z","timestamp":1537571321000},"page":"515-525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["External Validation of Equations that Use Demographic and Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Percent Body Fat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"K. R.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill NC US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7306-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill NC US"},{"name":"Departments of Nutrition University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill NC US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Biostatistics University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill NC US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. E.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham AL US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. C.","family":"Choh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Brownsville TX US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Czerwinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Brownsville TX US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511661655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90080-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.3.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/81.5.1018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"CARDIA Anthropometry Year 10 (1995\u20131996) Manual of Operation."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Fels Longitudinal Study Collection Methodologies."},{"volume-title":"Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual","year":"1988","author":"Lohman TG","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19740060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"Development and comparison of two field\u2010based body fat prediction equations: NHANES 1999\u20102004","volume":"5","author":"Zanovec M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(86)90018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508966095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"709","article-title":"Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth","volume":"60","author":"Slaughter MH","year":"1988","journal-title":"Human Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19910073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181ef3f07"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00356"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19940189"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-015-0371-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.5.1186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000213"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of the validity of anthropometric and bioelectric impedance equations to assess body composition in adolescent girls","volume":"5","author":"Loftin M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Body Compos Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539516641505"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.73.4.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2015.0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004194"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.2.348"}],"container-title":["Obesity Science &amp; Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fosp4.300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/osp4.300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/osp4.300","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/osp4.300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T11:30:43Z","timestamp":1694172643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/osp4.300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/osp4.300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/osp4.300","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2238","2055-2238"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2055-2238"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2055-2238"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-11-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}