{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T05:21:13Z","timestamp":1787808073917,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Science &amp;amp; Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral GLP\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101 RAs) offer a non\u2010injectable option for weight management in adults with overweight\/obesity without diabetes. This network meta\u2010analysis (NMA) evaluated their effects on body weight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A frequentist random\u2010effects NMA of RCTs comparing oral GLP\u20101 RAs with placebo in adults without diabetes was conducted by searching databases through 30 April 2026. The primary outcome was percent change in body weight, with secondary outcomes including other weight measures and weight thresholds. Analyses used R (netmeta), and certainty was assessed with CINeMA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nine RCTs (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a05766; 20\u201372\u00a0weeks) evaluating oral semaglutide, orforglipron, danuglipron, and lotiglipron were included. All agents except low\u2010dose (LoD) lotiglipron outperformed placebo in percent body weight reduction; high\u2010dose (HiD) semaglutide (MD \u221211.6%) and orforglipron (MD \u221211.8%) showed the greatest effects. Orforglipron HiD produced the greatest absolute weight loss (MD \u221212.2\u00a0kg), whereas semaglutide HiD reduced BMI (MD \u22124.7\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and waist circumference (MD \u221210.0\u00a0cm) the most. Danuglipron HiD, semaglutide HiD, and semaglutide LoD ranked highest for \u2265\u00a05%, \u2265\u00a010%, and \u2265\u00a015% weight loss, respectively. Evidence certainty was low to moderate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HiD oral semaglutide and orforglipron demonstrated the most consistent and substantial weight reductions though low\u2010to\u2010moderate certainty and lack of head\u2010to\u2010head comparisons constrain comparative inference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T11:37:42Z","timestamp":1786016262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Oral Glucagon\u2010Like Peptide\u20101 Receptor Agonists in Weight Management for Individuals With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: A Network Meta\u2010Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5681-6522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. B. M.","family":"Kamrul\u2010Hasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Mymensingh Medical College  Mymensingh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8002-9142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajiv Gandhi Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology Aligarh Muslim University  Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6865-5554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lakshmi","family":"Nagendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology JSS Medical College JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research  Mysuru Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8995-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dhaka Medical College and Hospital  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3555-4412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhankar","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Medical College and Hospital  Kolkata West Bengal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4915-8805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deep","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology CEDAR Superspeciality Healthcare  Dwarka New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0863-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tahniyah","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Bangladesh Medical University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7256-6033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansuor A.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Tabuk  Tabuk Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-5255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Pappachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Preston UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester Greater Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Kasturba Medical College and Manipal Academy of Higher Education  Manipal Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc\u20102025\u2010005729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2025.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.250502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes25042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14728214.2021.1947240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS\u201024\u201001590"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2024.20.2.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obpill.2024.100127"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271\u2010015\u20100160\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13818"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2024.23332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18111761"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16531"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm93020026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2026.0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.3599"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(23)01185\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2500969"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16534"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2302392"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2511774"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70922"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.2483"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.743"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155710"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003082"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2017.01.943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874\u2010024\u201002356\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta4100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","volume-title":"RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R. Posit Software","author":"Posit team","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102288\u201011\u201041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins J. P. T.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14\u20102385"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664\u2010025\u201001856\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2026.4106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2506212"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(25)01375\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","volume-title":"FDA Approves First New Molecular Entity Under National Priority Voucher Program","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration"}],"container-title":["Obesity Science &amp; Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/osp4.70181","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/osp4.70181","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/osp4.70181","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T05:05:09Z","timestamp":1787807109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/osp4.70181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/osp4.70181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/osp4.70181","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2238","2055-2238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-2238","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-2238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70181"}}