{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:22:39Z","timestamp":1787163759761,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n High\u2010altitude natives have a high incidence of parangangliomas (PGL) of the head and neck, especially the carotid body tumor. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation, pattern, altitude of residence, distribution, management, and follow\u2010up of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGL) in our sub\u2010Himalayan population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Academic tertiary care hospital.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Hospital records of 20 patients of HNPGL diagnosed from December 2017 to December 2021 were retrieved for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Twenty patients with 23 HNPGL, with a mean age of 41.74 years were managed in our institute. The female\u2010to\u2010male ratio was 2.3: 1 and the mean follow\u2010up was 29.95 months. Nine had carotid body (CBPGL), 7 had tympanic (TPGL), 2 had jugular (JPGL), and 2 had vagal paragangliomas (VPGL). Multiple PGL were seen in 4 patients (20%). Majority of cases (all CBPGL and 57.14% of TPGL) were residents of the high altitude, and the rest were from the low altitude. Fifteen patients (8 CBPGL, 7 TPGL) were operated. There were no major complications except in a patient with large carotid body tumor required anastomosis of carotid artery. Five patients received stereotactic radiotherapy, and 1 malignant PGL received chemoradiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n In this study, JPGL and VPGL are common at low altitudes, whereas carotid body and tympanic PGL were the most common tumor at high altitudes. Being a retrospective and study small sample size, a definite conclusion is not established, however, a genetic analysis and inclusion of a wider population in a future prospective study may establish the hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oto2.112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T07:49:25Z","timestamp":1707896965000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["High Altitude Head and Neck Paragangliomas: A First Sub\u2010Himalayan Experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3687-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head\u2013Neck surgery Dr Rajendra Prashad Govt. Medical College Tanda Kangra Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niraj","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Dr Rajendra Prashad Govt. Medical College Tanda Kangra Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Dr Rajendra Prashad Govt. Medical College Tanda Kangra Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Dr Rajendra Prashad Govt. Medical College Tanda Kangra Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Bodh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Lal Bahadur Shashtri Govt. Medical College Mandi H.P Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.6.g99no251605"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(67)90027-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"636","article-title":"Chronic hypoxia and chemodectomas in bovines at high altitudes","volume":"100","author":"Arias\u2010Stella J","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-950386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"A clinical pathological study of 13 cases of carotid tumors","volume":"1","author":"Rio\u2010Dalenz J","year":"1977","journal-title":"Rev Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860201)57:3<672::AID-CNCR2820570346>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Systemic review: incidence of pheochromocytoma and para\u2010gangliomas over 70 years","volume":"6","author":"Al Sulhi AR","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0628"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0347(199808)20:5<374::AID-HED3>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"High altitude bilateral carotid body tumor. A surgical management","volume":"3","author":"Kumar KN","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Surgery J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sajc.sajc_339_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"398","article-title":"Lethal fibrosarcoma complicating radiation therapy for benign glomus jugulare tumor","volume":"14","author":"Lalwani AK","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-0637"}],"container-title":["OTO Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/oto2.112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:32:40Z","timestamp":1760967160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/oto2.112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/oto2.112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oto2.112","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2473-974X","2473-974X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2473-974X","type":"print"},{"value":"2473-974X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e112"}}