{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T03:23:00Z","timestamp":1782271380068,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic brain injury affects 1.5 million people per year in the United States, with the majority classified as mild (mTBI). While many immediate symptoms are limited to the short\u2010term, some patients experience long\u2010term daily impairments in function and quality of life. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between mTBI post\u2010concussive symptoms and hearing, tinnitus, and dizziness symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level I public trauma center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult patients presenting with mTBI \u22656 months prior to study enrollment were asked to complete the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI), Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory (RHHI), Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) survey instruments. The NSI is a validated, self\u2010reported measure of post\u2010concussive symptoms. Linear regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 38 subjects were recruited, with mean age of 52 (range 24\u201078), 74% male, 61% self\u2010identifying as White, and 87% self\u2010identifying as Non\u2010Hispanic\/Latinx. Median time since injury was 32.5 months (IQR 30\u201035). Mean NSI score was 22.32 (range 0\u201070), mean RHHI was 16.05 (0\u201068), mean TFI was 16.00 (0\u201085.2), and mean DHI was 18.86 (0\u2010100). On linear regression, NSI score was positively correlated with RHHI, TFI, and DHI scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The postconcussive symptoms of mTBI are associated with impairments in hearing, tinnitus, and dizziness. Based on this work, structural causal models may be developed to dissect associations to inform management and treatment of mTBI patients with audiovestibular symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oto2.70152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T11:42:59Z","timestamp":1755603779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on the Subjective Perception of Hearing and Balance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-6634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa M.","family":"Civantos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2010San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kennedy","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2010San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultan Al","family":"Azzawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2010San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phiroz E.","family":"Tarapore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of California\u2010San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven W.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of 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