{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:07:57Z","timestamp":1790690877040,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (EESS) is widely performed for pituitary tumors. In growth hormone\u2013secreting adenomas (GHomas), the procedure is technically more demanding than for other pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) subtypes due to restricted instrument maneuverability. Few studies have evaluated the influence of nasal cavity morphology on this difficulty.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To identify anatomical factors contributing to the technical challenges of EESS for GHomas by comparing nasal cavity structures between GHoma and non\u2010GHoma PitNET patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Tertiary referral center with a collaborative skull base team of neurosurgery and otolaryngology.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Computed tomography (CT) images of 28 GHoma and 104 non\u2010GHoma PitNET patients who underwent EESS between August 2018 and April 2024 were analyzed. Measurements included inter\u2010vidian canal distance, nasolacrimal duct opening width, inferior turbinate width, piriform aperture width, sphenopalatine foramen width, inter\u2010carotid artery distance, skull base\u2013to\u2013hard palate distance, anterior nasal spine\u2013to\u2013clivus distance, and anterior sphenoid wall\u2013to\u2013clivus distance. Comparisons were performed using Student's\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n GHoma patients showed significantly greater nasolacrimal duct opening width, piriform aperture width, and anterior nasal spine\u2013to\u2013clivus distance (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05). Vertical\u2010to\u2010horizontal ratios did not differ significantly. However, the inter\u2010carotid artery distance and the ratios of inter\u2010carotid distances to the anterior nasal spine\u2013to\u2013clivus distance were significantly smaller in GHomas.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n GHoma patients possess generally larger sinonasal dimensions, yet a narrower paraclival inter\u2010carotid space limit surgical maneuverability. These CT\u2010based anatomical differences may have potential implications for preoperative anatomical assessment in patients with GHomas.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n IV.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oto2.70297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:46:26Z","timestamp":1788950786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anatomical Feature of Nasal Cavity for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery in Patients With GHoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4862-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoharu","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9521-9878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noritaka","family":"Komune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhei","family":"Sangatsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of 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