{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T17:28:17Z","timestamp":1787246897680,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017982","name":"Illinois Society for the Prevention of Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OVS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to validate DEQ\u20105 and mOSDI in children using Rasch analysis and determine the optimal cutoff value for DEQ\u20105 to differentiate dry eye symptoms defined by mOSDI in children aged 6\u201317\u00a0years. In addition, the repeatability of mOSDI and DEQ\u20105 were investigated in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 225 children were recruited. Both DEQ\u20105 and mOSDI were administered to participants in a randomized sequence. Retests of the two questionnaires were performed after 30\u00a0min in 72 participants. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the DEQ\u20105 questionnaire for diagnosis of dry eye symptoms. Repeatability of both questionnaires was evaluated using coefficient of repeatability (CoR) and 95% limits of agreement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median of mOSDI score was 11.4 (Inter\u2010quartile range: 4.5\u201320.5). The median DEQ\u20105 score was 4.0 (Inter\u2010quartile range: 2.0\u20137.0). The area under the curve of the ROC curve for DEQ\u20105 was 0.78 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). A DEQ\u20105 threshold of 4.5 yielded maximum sensitivity (72.2%) and specificity (66.1%) to differentiate dry eye symptoms in children. Females had significantly higher OSDI scores than males. CoR was \u00b14.8 for DEQ\u20105 and \u00b116.6 for mOSDI. The 95% limits of agreement were 5.5 to \u22124.2 for DEQ\u20105 and 16.5 to \u221216.7 for modified OSDI. Rasch analysis demonstrated that the five\u2010level response scales in both the mOSDI and DEQ\u20105 produced disordered item thresholds. Collapsing the response scales from five to three categories improved overall model fit.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although we identified a DEQ\u20105 cutoff value of \u22655 for differentiating dry eye symptoms in children, which is different from that used in adults (\u22656), the five\u2010level response scales of both the mOSDI and DEQ\u20105 may not be optimal for the pediatric population and certain items might not be adequate to measure dry eye symptoms, thus we do not recommend using DEQ\u20105 in children to measure dry eye symptoms. This underscores the need to develop a dry eye questionnaire specifically designed for children to ensure more accurate assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ovs2.70037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T03:30:32Z","timestamp":1778038232000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of the Dry Eye Questionnaire and a modified Ocular Surface Disease Index in children aged 6\u201317\u00a0years"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7602-1076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Illinois College of Optometry  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo Y.","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitney M. Young Magnet High School  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drake R.","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitney M. Young Magnet High School  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackson","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Illinois College of Optometry  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Dry Eye Redefined:Conclusions and recommendations of the TFOS DEWS II announced.https:\/\/www.tearfilm.org\/dettreports\u2010dry_eye_redefined__conclusions_and_recommendations_of_the_tfos_dews_ii_announced\/105_104\/eng\/. 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