{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:39:09Z","timestamp":1779381549196,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Safe and effective anesthesia is critical for the care of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. Over the past two decades, there has been a significant transition from primarily diagnostic procedures to complex interventional cases, accompanied by a shift from operator\u2010managed sedation to anesthesia administered by a trained anesthesiologist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of our study is to explore the incidence of high severity anesthesia related adverse events (ARAE) and whether these rates correlate with Procedural Risk in Congenital Cardiac Catheterization (PREDIC\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      T) case\u2010type risk categories. Higher risk categories have been shown to correlate with high severity procedural related adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A multicenter, retrospective cohort study utilized data collected prospectively in the Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes (C3PO). This study, encompassing 18 contributing institutions, analyzed data from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2023. Rates of 17 specific ARAE were stratified via PREDIC\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      T category.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During the study period, 38,\u2009021 cardiac catheterizations were included in this analysis. A total of 321 ARAE of any severity (level 1\u20135) were recorded, for an overall rate of 0.8% (CI, 0.7%\u20130.9%). Of these 321 ARAE, 160 were high severity (level 3bc\/4\/5), yielding a rate of 0.4%. Rates of high severity ARAE by PREDIC\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      T risk category (0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5) were found to be 0.2%. 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.3%. 0.8%, and 0.7%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified weight under 10\u2009kg, hemodynamic vulnerability score (HVS)\u2009\u2265\u20091, and PREDIC\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      T risk category 5 procedures as factors associated with higher odds of experiencing a high severity ARAE.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall rate of ARAE, including high severity ARAE, was found to be increased in higher PREDIC\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      T risk category procedures. Both patient and procedural factors contribute to ARAE in the congenital cardiac catheterization laboratory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trial Number and Registry<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pan.70110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T06:49:57Z","timestamp":1767250197000},"page":"379-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incidence of High Severity Anesthesia Related Adverse Events With Increasing\n                    <scp>\n                      PREDIC\n                      <sup>3<\/sup>\n                      T\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Risk Category in Congenital Cardiac Catheterization: A Review of the\n                    <scp>C3PO<\/scp>\n                    Database"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Kristin","family":"Chenault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace R.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberlee","family":"Gauvreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Ibla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4682-0309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology St. Louis Children's Hospital  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology C.S. Mott Children's Hospital  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4440-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruchik","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of Virginia Medical Center  Charlottesville Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justinn","family":"Tanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Wisconsin Children's Hospital  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Trucco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Whiteside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology C.S. Mott Children's Hospital  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimee","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Heart Center Nationwide Children's Hospital  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12551"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2005.01677.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2008.00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.022832"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951124036606"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000003028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-015-1167-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2020.10.054","article-title":"Outcomes of Operator\u2010Directed Sedation and Anesthesiologist Care in the Pediatric\/Congenital Catheterization Laboratory: A Study Utilizing Data From the Improving Pediatric and Congenital Treatment (IMPACT) Registry","volume":"14","author":"O'Byrne M. L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001608"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540\u2010024\u201003395\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2024.08.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14740\/cr1595"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr4870"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c9f927"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.06.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2022.11.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135119884911"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14657"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2024.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsit\u20102022\u2010000142"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pan.70110","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pan.70110","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pan.70110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T04:58:09Z","timestamp":1773118689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pan.70110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pan.70110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pan.70110","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1155-5645","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9592","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}