{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:19:41Z","timestamp":1788412781490,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Socioeconomic status and geography create healthcare inequalities in children. Geographical areas in the United Kingdom are ranked by deprivation, which confers a higher risk for specific diseases that necessitate procedures under anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n To examine the relationship between the geographical indices of deprivation and the odds of children presenting for procedures involving anesthesia at a specialist children's referral hospital in Northwest England and Wales, UK.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective cross\u2010sectional analysis linking electronic patient records of patients presenting for anesthesia from 2016 to 2024 to population data. Multivariate mixed\u2010effects logistic regression was conducted for the odds of having a procedure requiring anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 71\u2009613 episodes were included in the final analysis, confined to areas with a higher proportion of children having a procedure at our hospital and only one episode per child in each year. The adjusted odds ratio for having a procedure according to deprivation was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.13\u20131.17,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), with children from a deprived area being more likely to undergo treatment. The odds of undergoing a procedure were higher for most specialities, for children from a deprived area. It was the greatest for dental procedures. When analyzed by the 10 deciles of IMD, the strongest effect was for children from the most deprived areas.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Children living in deprived areas are more likely to present for procedures involving anesthesia at our hospital, which serves a large area: Northwest England and Wales. This is true for most specialities. Sensitivity analysis to address study design limitations did not change the general conclusion. Further research is needed to clarify this phenomenon. Our study emphasizes the importance of preventive interventions to reduce inequalities in child health due to socioeconomic deprivation and geography.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pan.70302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:09:55Z","timestamp":1788412195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Socioeconomic Deprivation on children's Need for Anesthesia: A Retrospective Analysis of Electronic Health Records From a Tertiary Referral children's Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6227-0466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan","family":"Atandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Cardiac Anaesthesia Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6606-351X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Cardiac Anaesthesia Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Child Poverty","author":"Cheung R.","year":"2021"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-314808","article-title":"Pathways to Inequalities in Child Health","volume":"104","author":"Pearce A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.r1193","article-title":"Childhood Deprivation Has Life Long Impact on 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Deprivation 2019: Research Report 2019 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/english\u2010indices\u2010of\u2010deprivation\u20102019\u2010research\u2010report."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Children's Commissioner \u201cChildren's Commissioner's Briefing: Health Inequalities in Childhood 2020 \u201dhttps:\/\/assets.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk\/wpuploads\/2020\/03\/CCO\u2010Health\u2010Inequalities\u2010Briefing.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Housing Communities & Local Government \u201cIndices of Deprivation 2019: Income and Employment Domains Combined for England and Wales\u2014Guidance Note 2020 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