{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:52:51Z","timestamp":1761094371959,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,16]],"date-time":"2004-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemokines regulate cellular trafficking to and from lymphoid follicles. Here, the distribution pattern of four CCL chemokines is defined by <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization in human lymphoid follicles from tonsils and lymph nodes (LNs) of newborns and adults. Cells expressing CCL11 (eotaxin) and CCL20 (Exodus) were preferentially located within follicles, while cells expressing CCL21 (secondary lymphoid\u2010tissue chemokine) and CCL24 (eotaxin\u20102) mRNA were almost exclusively found in the perifollicular areas. Hence, the two CCR3\u2010binding chemokines, CCL11 and CCL24, showed a mutually exclusive expression pattern in the intra\u2010 and extra\u2010follicular areas, respectively. Chemokine gene expression paralleled follicular maturation: in tonsils, where approximately 80% of follicles are polarized, CCL11 and CCL20 mRNA\u2010positive cells were detected more frequently than in lymph nodes from adults, where about half of follicles are non\u2010polarized. No intrafollicular chemokine expression was detectable in the primary follicles from newborns. Extrafollicular cells expressing CCL21 and CCL24 were again more frequent in tonsils than in LNs from adults. The observed preferential presence of cells expressing CC chemokines in polarized human lymphoid follicles indicates that chemokines are not only instrumental in the induction of follicle formation, but may also be involved in their further differentiation. Copyright \u00a9 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,16]],"date-time":"2004-09-16T13:01:47Z","timestamp":1095339707000},"page":"208-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The chemokines CCL11, CCL20, CCL21, and CCL24 are preferentially expressed in polarized human secondary lymphoid 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