{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T18:00:34Z","timestamp":1781373634626,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,15]],"date-time":"2005-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5067,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Testicular specimens from normal men and men with cryptorchidism (CR) or Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) were taken, processed for light microscopy, and stained with the avidin\u2013biotin peroxidase complex method for immunohistochemical detection of testosterone. The Leydig cells were classified by their morphology (normal, multivacuolated, and pleomorphic Leydig cells) and by their staining affinity for anti\u2010testosterone antibodies (T\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    , T\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and T\n                    <jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells), and the average numbers of each cell type for each group of testes were calculated. Normal testes showed morpholigically normal interstitial Leydig cells (96\u00b70 \u00b1 10 per cent) and multivacuolated Leydig cells (4\u00b70 \u00b1 1 per cent). Cryptorchid testes showed normal Leydig cells (85\u00b78 \u00b1 11 per cent) and multivacuolated Leydig cells (14\u00b72 \u00b1 2\u00b73 per cent). Men with KS showed normal Leydig cells (78\u00b79 \u00b1 9\u00b71 per cent), multivacuolated Leydig cells (9\u00b72 \u00b1 1\u00b72 per cent), and pleomorphic Leydig cells (11\u00b70 \u00b1 1\u00b78 per cent). The percentage of T\n                    <jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells was higher in normal testes (29\u00b74 \u00b1 2\u00b71 per cent) than in CR (11\u00b74 \u00b1 2\u00b72 per cent) and KS testes (6\u00b73 \u00b1 0\u00b77 per cent). This suggests reduced functional Leydig cell activity in CR and KS. Multivacuolated Leydig cells showed weaker immunostaining than did normal Leyding cells in all the testicular groups. No immunostaining was shown by pleomorphic Leydig cells. Intratubular Leydig cells were only found in CR and KS. Immunostaining was weaker in intratubular Leydig cells than in interstitial Leydig cells. This suggests that intratubular location reduces functional activity of Leydig cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711640405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,22]],"date-time":"2005-06-22T10:22:41Z","timestamp":1119435761000},"page":"299-306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Immunohistochemical and quantitative study of interstitial and intratubular leydig cells in normal men, cryptorchidism, and Klinefelter's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Regadera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Codesal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Paniagua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Peramato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nistal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Cryptorchidism","author":"Baccetti B","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1981.tb00077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69869-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"671","article-title":"Etude en microscopie \u00e9lectronique de la cellule de Leydig dans la maladie de Klinefelter en p\u00e9riodes pre, per et postpubertaires","volume":"32","author":"Rubin P","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711460405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(84)80059-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1979.tb02185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)55685-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)41889-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/185865a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1978.tb03068.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1978.tb03066.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(87)80405-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1985.tb00824.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/29.4.6166661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59120-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"Ultrastructure of Leydig cells in human ageing testes","volume":"146","author":"Paniagua R","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00222799"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1986.tb01746.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1990.tb01054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1979.tb02187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00215521"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-33-3-517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00306048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(87)90301-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00970.x"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpath.1711640405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/path.1711640405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T16:57:22Z","timestamp":1761065842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/path.1711640405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/path.1711640405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/path.1711640405","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3417","1096-9896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3417","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9896","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1990-09-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1990-11-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-06-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}