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Several surface antigens have been employed to isolate CSCs from various malignancies, although not from oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). We tested whether Barrett's oesophagus (BE) and EA might serve as a model for the CSC concept. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> assays were performed by transplantation of serially diluted bulk EA cells into NOD\u2010SCID mice to establish the presence and frequency of tumour\u2010initiating cells. These were found to be present as ca. 1 in 64 000 cells. The transplanted tumours fully recapitulated the primary lesions. Subsequently, a panel of previously established CSC markers was employed for immunohistochemistry. CD24, CD29 and CD44 showed heterogeneous staining in EA. Nuclear \u03b2\u2010catenin accumulation increased during progression from metaplasia to dysplasia and was often observed in the basal compartment with CD24 and CD29 staining. However, the overall staining patterns were not such to clearly point out specific candidate markers. Accordingly, all markers were employed to sort the corresponding subpopulations of cancer cells and transplant them at low multiplicities in NOD\u2010SCID mice. No increased tumour\u2010initiating capacity of sorted EA cells was observed upon transplantation. These results indicate that tumour\u2010initiating cells are present in EA, thus reflecting a hierarchical organization. However, antibodies directed against novel surface antigens are needed to detect subpopulations enriched for CSCs in EA by transplantation assays. Copyright \u00a9 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,14]],"date-time":"2010-05-14T10:04:28Z","timestamp":1273831468000},"page":"379-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Barrett's oesophageal adenocarcinoma encompasses tumour\u2010initiating cells that do not express common cancer stem cell markers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"Brechtje A","family":"Grotenhuis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Winand NM","family":"Dinjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bas PL","family":"Wijnhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Sonneveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sacchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick F","family":"Franken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herman","family":"van Dekken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo W","family":"Tilanus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J Jan B","family":"van Lanschot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Fodde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Barrett's esophagus: congenital or acquired? 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