{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:02:39Z","timestamp":1791298959148,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Adenomyosis is defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. Despite its frequent occurrence, the precise aetiology and physiopathology of adenomyosis is still unknown.\n WNT<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin signalling molecules are important and should be tightly regulated for uterine function. To investigate the role of\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin signalling in adenomyosis, the expression of\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin was examined. Nuclear and cytoplasmic\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin expression was significantly higher in epithelial cells of human adenomyosis compared to control endometrium. To determine whether constitutive activation of\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin in the murine uterus leads to development of adenomyosis, mice that expressed a dominant stabilized\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin in the uterus were used by crossing\n PR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010Cre mice with\n \n Ctnnb1\n f(ex3)\/+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\n mice. Uteri of\n \n \n PR\n cre<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \/+<\/jats:sup>\n Ctnnb1\n f(ex3)\/+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\n mice displayed an abnormal irregular structure and highly active proliferation in the myometrium, and subsequently developed adenomyosis. Interestingly, the expression of E\u2010cadherin was repressed in epithelial cells of\n \n \n PR\n cre<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \/+<\/jats:sup>\n Ctnnb1\n f(ex3)\/+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\n mice compared to control mice. Repression of E\u2010cadherin is one of the hallmarks of epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (\n EMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). The expression of\n SNAIL<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n ZEB1<\/jats:styled-content>\n was observed in some epithelial cells of the uterus in\n \n \n PR\n cre<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \/+<\/jats:sup>\n Ctnnb1\n f(ex3)\/+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\n mice but not in control mice. Vimentin and\n COUP\u2010TFII<\/jats:styled-content>\n , mesenchymal cell markers, were expressed in some epithelial cells of\n \n \n PR\n cre<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \/+<\/jats:sup>\n Ctnnb1\n f(ex3)\/+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\n mice. In human adenomyosis, the expression of E\u2010cadherin was decreased in epithelial cells compared to control endometrium, while\n CD10<\/jats:styled-content>\n , an endometrial stromal marker, was expressed in some epithelial cells of human adenomyosis. These results suggest that abnormal activation of\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010catenin contributes to adenomyosis development through the induction of\n EMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Copyright \u00a9 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T13:50:36Z","timestamp":1371649836000},"page":"210-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["\u03b2<\/i>\n \u2010Catenin activation contributes to the pathogenesis of adenomyosis through epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Seo Jin","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation Major College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Ho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital Korea University Medical Centre Seoul 152\u2010703 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Sun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Rachel Fertility Centre Seoul 121\u2010805 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Yoon","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WCU Biomodulation Major College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell R","family":"Broaddus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto M","family":"Taketo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Yoshida\u2010Kono\u00e9\u2010cho Sakyo, Kyoto 606\u20138501 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Lydon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Spectrum Health Medical Group Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce A","family":"Lessey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Medical Group, Greenville Hospital System Greenville SC 29605 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asgerally T","family":"Fazleabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation Major College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Mook","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WCU Biomodulation Major College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae\u2010Wook","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine Grand Rapids MI 49503 USA"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation Major College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.251045060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/4.4.312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1028-4559(09)60295-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-200006000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2006.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2012.2184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)82983-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/786132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2012.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gco.0000169103.85128.c0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2012.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(99)00659-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000068385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.6.1275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2008.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2010.534612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"719","article-title":"Grade 2 endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis of the uterus: report of a case","volume":"31","author":"Kazandi M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1581"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.856"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00665.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"Mutational analysis of the CTNNB1 (\u03b2\u2010catenin) gene in human endometrial cancer: frequent mutations at codon 34 that cause nuclear accumulation","volume":"7","author":"Ikeda T","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"3526","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Catenin mutation in carcinoma of the uterine endometrium","volume":"58","author":"Fukuchi T","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67063-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.13.3797"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"1344","article-title":"Mutations in the \u03b2\u2010catenin gene (CTNNB1) in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas","volume":"58","author":"Palacios J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0356"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205924"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-008-9179-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2620"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"Expanding roles of ZEB factors in tumorigenesis and tumor progression","volume":"1","author":"Sanchez\u2010Tillo E","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)33500-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-175349"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2009-0531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI38019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc822"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","first-page":"2658","article-title":"Transactivation of vimentin by \u03b2\u2010catenin in human breast cancer cells","volume":"63","author":"Gilles C","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198608000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M112.017988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e318269e27b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(04)70024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31822c271f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00614.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2011.01987.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000145724"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"Adenomyosis in mice","volume":"22","author":"Guttner J.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Z Versuchstierkd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Long\u2010term responses of the mouse uterus to neonatal diethylstilbestrol treatment and to later sex hormone exposure","volume":"74","author":"Ostrander PL","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61733-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.5931"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.20098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.075648"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.09.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.033837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500612102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.07030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.2.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204660"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.148.1.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","first-page":"3465","article-title":"Down\u2010regulation of \u03b2\u2010catenin TCF signaling is linked to colonic epithelial cell differentiation","volume":"61","author":"Mariadason JM","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","first-page":"2751","article-title":"Restoration of epithelial cell polarity in a colorectal cancer cell line by suppression of \u03b2\u2010catenin\/T\u2010cell factor 4\u2010mediated gene transactivation","volume":"61","author":"Naishiro Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63030-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-0551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-1185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64917-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.125773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2008.01139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.11.2418"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2761"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpath.4224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpath.4224","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/path.4224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:30:36Z","timestamp":1760956236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/path.4224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/path.4224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/path.4224","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.718021608.793491629","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-3417","1096-9896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3417","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9896","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-02-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}