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In this study, we demonstrated that <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCR\u2013JAK2<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> in mice induces neoplasia, with fatal consequences. Transplantation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCR\u2013JAK2<\/jats:styled-content> bone marrow progenitors promoted splenomegaly, with megakaryocyte infiltration and elevated leukocytosis of myeloid origin. Analysis of peripheral blood revealed the presence of immature myeloid cells, platelet aggregates and ineffective erythropoiesis. A possible molecular mechanism for these observations involved inhibition of apoptosis by deregulated expression of the anti\u2010apoptotic mediator <jats:italic>Bcl\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">xL<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> and the serine\/threonine kinase <jats:italic>Pim1<\/jats:italic>. Together, these data provide a suitable <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> molecular mechanism for leukaemia induction by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCR\u2013JAK2<\/jats:styled-content> that validates the use of this model as a relevant preclinical tool for the design of new targeted therapies in Philadelphia chromosome\u2010negative leukaemia involving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCR\u2013JAK2<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010driven activation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">JAK2<\/jats:styled-content> pathway. Copyright \u00a9 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,9]],"date-time":"2015-02-09T06:55:27Z","timestamp":1423464927000},"page":"219-228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<scp>BCR\u2013JAK2<\/scp> drives a myeloproliferative neoplasm in transplanted mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Cuesta\u2010Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS\u2010P, UAM), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Le\u00f3n\u2010Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematopoietic Innovative Therapies CIEMAT\/CIBERER  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias 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