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Currently, however, there are many unmet needs in PrCa care, for example in distinguishing between clinically significant and indolent cases in early phases of the disease. <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> is a prostate\u2010specific gene associated with PrCa risk and prognosis, but its exact function in the prostate remains unclear. This study investigates the role of <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> in benign prostatic epithelium using spatial transcriptomics by examining differences between <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic>\u2010expressing and non\u2010expressing epithelial regions and their corresponding stromal compartments. A total of 18,676 protein\u2010coding genes were assessed from prostatectomy samples collected from patients with localised prostate cancer. In the collected sample cohort, ANO7 exhibited a distinct, heterogeneous, on\u2013off epithelial expression pattern, enabling an in\u2010depth analysis of ANO7\u2010dependent processes. <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive epithelium was predominantly enriched with luminal epithelial cells and a specific NK cell subtype, CD56bright. In contrast, <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative regions were characterised by enrichment of club cells, inflammation, and features of proliferative inflammatory atrophy. Gene\u2010set enrichment analysis revealed that <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> expression is associated with androgen receptor (AR) signalling and lipid metabolism. A detailed analysis of differentially expressed genes identified an ANO7\u2010 signature, which consisted of genes co\u2010expressed with <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> in luminal cells, that demonstrated high consistency in bulk RNA\u2010sequencing (RNA\u2010seq) data. The ANO7\u2010signature was enriched for AR\u2010regulated genes, which highlighted lipid metabolism processes, particularly arachidonic acid metabolism, as a key metabolic feature of the <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive epithelium. Furthermore, the ANO7\u2010signature demonstrated clinical significance in low\u2010grade PrCa, correlating with a better response to therapy. In summary, these results highlight the potential role of <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> in regulating lipid metabolism associated with androgen signalling in benign luminal cells and low\u2010grade cancer, reinforcing the hypothesis that <jats:italic>ANO7<\/jats:italic> functions as a tumour suppressor. \u00a9 2025 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/path.6405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T20:50:31Z","timestamp":1740084631000},"page":"518-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial profiling of <scp><i>ANO7<\/i><\/scp> in prostate tissue: links to <scp>AR<\/scp>\u2010signalling\u2010associated lipid metabolism and inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"265","author":[{"given":"Olli","family":"Mets\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine University 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