{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T22:18:58Z","timestamp":1771539538457,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]],"date-time":"2004-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1075593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study we evaluated immune reconstitution during maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in relation to different treatment protocols and response of the immune system to the accompanying infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study group consisted of 40 children. The BFM protocol'90 was used in the standard risk group, while the New York protocol\u2014in the high risk group. Assessment of the immune system was based on the analysis of peripheral blood mono\u2010nuclear cells by flow cytometry and concentrations of immunoglobulins: G, M, A and IgE. Each patient was examined at 1\u20133 months' intervals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following cessation of intensive therapy, the successive months of maintenance treatment showed: (1) a considerable depletion of B lymphocytes, a durable decrease in IgM, IgA and gradually increasing IgG; (2) a correlation between the time passing from the cessation of intensive therapy and increased numbers and percentage of B cells, and the helper\/suppressor cell ratio. In the group of children treated according to the high risk protocol, compared to the low\u2010risk group patients, we found lower levels of the following parameters: IgG, % lymphocytes: B and T lymphocytes (including CD4\/CD8 ratio and \u201cnaive\u201d\/\u201cmemory\u201d ratio) and NK cells (% and count). During infection: (1) a significant increase was noted in the percentage of T cells with HLA co\u2010expression and monocytes with ICAM\u20101 co\u2010expression, (2) the percentage of CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD45RO<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> \u201cmemory\u201d T cells was found to increase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate quantitative and qualitative changes of the immunity in children with ALL during maintenance therapy. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,24]],"date-time":"2004-03-24T08:03:35Z","timestamp":1080115415000},"page":"416-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Immunologic monitoring of maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children\u2014preliminary report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Wlodzimierz","family":"Luczynski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Stasiak\u2010Barmuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryna","family":"Krawczuk\u2010Rybak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2400970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08880019309016546"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.10.3066"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"190","article-title":"Immune system recovery after treatment for cancer","volume":"16","author":"Aquino DB","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08880019409141904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01789334"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199904000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.3.847"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1997.tb01686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-200x.1999.01119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200008000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1997.4344"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199802000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00626.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mlc.2000.104306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-911X(200001)34:1<39::AID-MPO7>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.8.4552"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpbc.20018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pbc.20018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T18:44:00Z","timestamp":1700246640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pbc.20018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pbc.20018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.20018","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5009","1545-5017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5009","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-5017","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]}}}