{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:34:34Z","timestamp":1788183274576,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,28]],"date-time":"2006-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various methods of intensive chemotherapy have contributed to an improved survival in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We here report the long\u2010term results of the two consecutive trials of Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group (TCCSG), incorporating repetitive use of high\u2010dose cytarabine (HD\u2010Ara\u2010C) based combination chemotherapy in post\u2010remission phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 216 eligible children with newly diagnosed AML were treated in the two consecutive multi\u2010center trials of TCCSG, M91\u201013 and M96\u201014, from August 1991 to September 1998. In M91\u201013 trial, patients received eight courses of intensive post\u2010remission chemotherapy, including six HD\u2010Ara\u2010C containing courses, after remission\u2010induction therapy. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) could be selected by physician's choice, and allogeneic HSCT was allocated if donor was available. In M96\u201014 trial, the last two HD\u2010Ara\u2010C courses were omitted from the chemotherapy arm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The remission\u2010induction rate was 88.8% and probability of 5\u2010year Overall survival (OS) and event\u2010free survival (EFS) were 62% (56\u201369% with 95% Confidence intervals (CIs)) and 56% (49\u201362%), respectively. Treatment\u2010related mortality (TRM) was 7.8%. Among patients without Down syndrome (DS) or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), the presence of t(8;21) or inv(16) was a significant good prognostic factor both in the univariate and multivariate analyses. Children with DS (N\u2009=\u200910) and APL (N\u2009=\u200914) also showed a good survival exceeding 70% in 5 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that repetitive use of HD\u2010Ara\u2010C was effective and safe for childhood AML. However, further optimization of AML therapy is required. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:127\u2013132. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,28]],"date-time":"2006-06-28T19:37:37Z","timestamp":1151523457000},"page":"127-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Repetitive cycles of high\u2010dose cytarabine are effective for childhood acute myeloid leukemia: Long\u2010term outcome of the children with AML treated on two consecutive trials of Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Tomizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Tabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akitoshi","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoji","family":"Hanada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisato","family":"Kigasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Tsukimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Tsuchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403920"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403925"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403927"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403924"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4979","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.12.4979.bloodjournal87124979","article-title":"Timed\u2010sequential induction therapy improves postremission outcome in acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Children's Cancer Study Group","volume":"87","author":"Woods WG","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1998.00677.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410063311402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"4116","article-title":"Double induction strategy for acute myeloid leukemia: The effect of high\u2010dose cytarabine with mitoxantrone instead of standard\u2010dose cytarabine with daunorubicin and 6\u2010thioguanine\u2014A randomized trial by the German AML Cooperative Group","volume":"93","author":"B\u00fcchner T","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.10.2705"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/shem.2001.20861"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0037-1963(01)90002-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2401754"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780030106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04418.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01684.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01304.x"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpbc.20944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pbc.20944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T14:38:15Z","timestamp":1699972695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pbc.20944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pbc.20944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.20944","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5009","1545-5017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5009","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-5017","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]]}}}