{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T15:32:29Z","timestamp":1773761549187,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This ecologic study examined the geographic distribution of childhood leukemias in Ohio, 1996\u20132000, among children aged 0\u201319 for evidence that population mixing may be a factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) State incidence rates were compared to Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) rates for each year and for the 5\u2010year period, 1996\u20132000; (2) incidence rates for each of Ohio's 88 counties were compared to statewide rates; and (3) county incidence rates were compared based on population density, population growth, and rural\/urban locale. SEER*Stat version 5.0 was used to derive age\u2010specific and 0\u201319 age\u2010adjusted rates. Expected values, standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), and Poisson <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values were calculated with Excel using the indirect method of standardization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 585 cases, 73.3% were acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 16.6% acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 3.2% acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL), and 2.6% chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Rates for total leukemia burden were significantly below national levels for all races (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00001), likely due to poor ascertainment of cases. Yearly incidence rates for 1996\u20132000 were stable for ALL and AML; CML rates declined over the period. Based on 2000 Census and intercensal population estimates for 1996\u20132000, statistically higher rates for ALL were noted for counties experiencing &gt;10% population change 1990\u20132000 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), especially for ages 1\u20134 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03) in counties with 10\u201320% growth. Counties 67.9\u201399.2% urban experienced fewer than expected cases of AML\u2009+\u2009AMoL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.06).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data support Kinlen's theory of population mixing and warrant further studies in Ohio, the US and other countries. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:797\u2013802. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T15:36:20Z","timestamp":1173972980000},"page":"797-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evidence of population mixing based on the geographical distribution of childhood leukemia in Ohio"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Brenda R.","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy K.","family":"Ferketich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederick B.","family":"Ruymann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall E.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"John R.","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Cancer facts: Cancer clusters.2003http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/cancertopics\/factsheet\/Risk\/clusters."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017149601195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207898"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/23.4.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(02)00316-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690664"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7503.1279"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05166.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"120","article-title":"Speculations on the cause of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","volume":"2","author":"Greaves M","year":"1988","journal-title":"Leukaemia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2004.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(99)00296-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7332.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38428.521042.8F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1081\/CNV-46402","article-title":"Environmental and genetic risk factors for childhood leukemia: Appraising the evidence","volume":"1","author":"Buffler PA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.80.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.04.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"240","article-title":"The putative role of transforming viruses in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"91","author":"MacKenzie J","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program.2006http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/about\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Characteristics of the SEER population compared with the total United States population. 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