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Dissociated radioactive iodide may concentrate in the thyroid, and <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG is concentrated in the liver after <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy. The aim of our study was to analyze the effects of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy on thyroid and liver function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010 and post\u2010therapy thyroid and liver functions were reviewed in a total of 194 neuroblastoma patients treated with <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy. The cumulative incidence over time was estimated for both thyroid and liver toxicities. The relationship to cumulative dose\/kg, number of treatments, time from treatment to follow\u2010up, sex, and patient age was examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients who presented with Grade 0 or 1 thyroid toxicity at baseline, 12\u2009\u00b1\u20094% experienced onset of or worsening to Grade 2 hypothyroidism and one patient developed Grade 2 hyperthyroidism by 2 years after <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy. At 2 years post\u2010<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy, 76\u2009\u00b1\u20094% patients experienced onset or worsening of hepatic toxicity to any grade, and 23\u2009\u00b1\u20095% experienced onset of or worsening to Grade 3 or 4 liver toxicity. Liver toxicity was usually transient asymptomatic transaminase elevation, frequently confounded by disease progression and other therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prophylactic regimen of potassium iodide and potassium perchlorate with <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy resulted in a low rate of significant hypothyroidism. Liver abnormalities following <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy were primarily reversible and did not result in late toxicity. <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG therapy is a promising treatment for children with relapsed neuroblastoma with a relatively low rate of symptomatic thyroid or hepatic dysfunction. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:191\u2013201. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,9]],"date-time":"2010-09-09T20:22:32Z","timestamp":1284063752000},"page":"191-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Thyroid and hepatic function after high\u2010dose <sup>131<\/sup>I\u2010metaiodobenzylguanidine (<sup>131<\/sup>I\u2010MIBG) therapy for neuroblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Alekist","family":"Quach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimee","family":"Sznewajs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Veatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Huberty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Franc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sposto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Groshen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denice","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Maris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Yanik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall A.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith G.","family":"Villablanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine K.","family":"Matthay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.8925"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.09.3484"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6694223"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.1.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.12.1889"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"439","article-title":"Results of treatment with 131 I\u2010metaiodobenzylguanidine (131 I\u2010MIBG) in patients with neuroblastoma. 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