{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:03:46Z","timestamp":1791302626117,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,8]],"date-time":"2012-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1344384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood cancer survivors have a sixfold increased risk of developing subsequent neoplasms when compared to the general population. We sought to describe the occurrence of melanoma as a subsequent neoplasm among adult survivors of childhood cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 14,358 5\u2010year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1970 and 1986, we calculated the cumulative incidence, standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and absolute excess risk (AER) of subsequent melanoma. Potential risk factors were assessed using a cause\u2010specific hazards model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven melanomas (46 invasive, 2 ocular, and 9 <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>) occurred in 51 survivors. The median time to the development of melanoma was 21.0 years (range: 5.6\u201335.4 years) and the median age at melanoma was 32.3 years (range: 10.9\u201349.0 years). Initial cancer diagnoses included soft tissue and bone sarcoma (n\u2009=\u200915), leukemia (13), lymphoma (14), central nervous system malignancy (5), Wilms tumor (3), and neuroblastoma (1). The cumulative incidence of first subsequent melanoma at 35 years from initial cancer diagnosis was 0.55% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37\u20130.73]. The SIR of subsequent invasive malignant melanoma of the skin was 2.42 (95% CI: 1.77\u20133.23), and the AER was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.05\u20130.15) per 1,000 person\u2010years. No statistically significant associations were found between melanoma risk and family history of cancer, demographic, or treatment\u2010related factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Survivors of childhood cancer have an approximate 2.5\u2010fold increased risk of melanoma. Early screening and prevention strategies are warranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 461\u2013466. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,8]],"date-time":"2012-08-08T16:40:58Z","timestamp":1344444058000},"page":"461-466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Melanoma as a subsequent neoplasm in adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the childhood cancer survivor study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"A.S.","family":"Pappo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.T.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.K.","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.M.","family":"Leisenring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Stovall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Neglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.L.","family":"Robison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"Howlader N NA Krapcho M Neyman N Aminou R Waldron W Altekruse SF Kosary CL Ruhl J Tatalovich Z Cho H Mariotto A Eisner MP Lewis DR Chen HS Feuer EJ Cronin KA Edwards BK editors. 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