{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T10:54:52Z","timestamp":1787223292697,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemotherapy treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been associated with long\u2010term cognitive impairments in some patients. However, the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying these impairments, particularly in young survivors, are not well understood. This study aimed to examine intrinsic functional brain connectivity in pediatric ALL and its relationship with cognitive status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>We obtained resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and cognitive testing data from 15 ALL survivors age 8\u201315 years and 14 matched healthy children. The ALL group had a history of intrathecal chemotherapy treatment but were off\u2010therapy for at least 6 months at the time of enrollment. We used seed\u2010based analyses to compare intrinsic functional brain network connectivity between the groups. We also explored correlations between connectivity and cognitive performance, demographic, medical, and treatment variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated significantly reduced connectivity between bilateral hippocampus, left inferior occipital, left lingual gyrus, bilateral calcarine sulcus, and right amygdala in the ALL group compared to controls. The ALL group also showed regions of functional hyperconnectivity including right lingual gyrus, precuneus, bilateral superior occipital lobe, and right inferior occipital lobe. Functional hypoconnectivity was associated with reduced cognitive function as well as younger age at diagnosis in the ALL group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first study to demonstrate that intrinsic functional brain connectivity is disrupted in pediatric ALL following chemotherapy treatment. These results help explain cognitive dysfunction even when objective test performance is seemingly normal. Children diagnosed at a younger age may show increased vulnerability to altered functional brain connectivity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:1295\u20131299. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T09:15:00Z","timestamp":1394615700000},"page":"1295-1299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Altered resting state functional connectivity in young survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Shelli R.","family":"Kesler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Gugel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Pritchard\u2010Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Kutner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.M. 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