{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T17:40:32Z","timestamp":1765993232108,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010733","name":"B\u00f8rnecancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010733","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004046","name":"Karen Elise Jensens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measurable\/minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring can predict imminent hematological relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The majority of childhood AML patients do not harbor fusion genes or mutations applicable as MRD markers and overexpression of Wilms tumor gene 1 (<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic>) may constitute a useful monitoring target. However, age\u2010specific reference values in healthy hematopoiesis and standardization of <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> assessment are prerequisites for clinical utility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression across age in hematologically healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0109), during suspected infection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a090) and bone marrow (BM) regeneration (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a013). <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression in AML at diagnosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a091) and during follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030) was compared with age\u2010specific reference values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression correlated with age and showed higher levels in both BM and peripheral blood (PB) in children compared with adults (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 and <jats:italic>P\u00a0=<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.01). <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression from healthy hematopoiesis was lower in PB compared with BM (<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>BM<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>PB\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a08.6, 95% CI: 5.3\u201313.7) and not influenced by infection nor BM regeneration. At AML diagnosis, 66% had more than 20\u2010fold <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> overexpression in PB or BM (PB 74%; BM 45%). <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> was quantified in 279\u00a0PB samples during follow\u2010up. All 11 patients with PB sampling within 4 months of disease recurrence displayed <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> overexpression by a median of 1.9 months (range, 0.7\u20139.7) before hematological relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study defines child\u2010specific reference values for <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression in healthy hematopoiesis and demonstrates that <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> expression in PB is a useful post\u2010treatment monitoring tool in childhood AML. Based on these observations, we propose definitions for childhood AML molecular relapse using <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> overexpression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T04:21:52Z","timestamp":1553228512000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Measurable residual disease monitoring using Wilms tumor gene 1 expression in childhood acute myeloid leukemia based on child\u2010specific reference values"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0028-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian","family":"L\u00f8vvik Juul\u2010Dam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus 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University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Hasle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Beier Ommen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus 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