{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T15:21:22Z","timestamp":1780327282412,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001111","name":"Cancer Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001111","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on stage at diagnosis for childhood blood cancers is essential for surveillance but is not available on a population basis in most countries. Our aim was to apply the internationally endorsed Toronto Paediatric Cancer Stage Guidelines to children (&lt;15 years) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), or non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and to assess differences in survival by stage at diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage was defined by extent of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) for ALL and AML and using the Ann Arbor and St Jude\u2010Murphy systems for HL and NHL, respectively. The study cohort was drawn from the population\u2010based Australian Childhood Cancer Registry, consisting of children diagnosed with one of these four blood cancers between 2006 and 2014 with follow\u2010up to 2015. Five\u2010year observed survival was estimated from the Kaplan\u2013Meier method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage was assigned to 2201 of 2351 eligible patients (94%), ranging from 85% for AML to 95% for ALL, HL, and NHL. Survival following ALL varied from 94% (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a093%\u201395%) for CNS1 disease to 89% (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a079%\u201394%) for CNS2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.07), whereas for AML there was essentially no difference in survival between CNS<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> (77%) and CNS<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> disease (78%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.94). Nearly all children with HL survived for five years. There was a trend (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) toward worsening survival with higher stage for NHL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results provide the first population\u2010wide picture of the distribution and outcomes for childhood blood cancers in Australia by extent of disease at diagnosis and provide a baseline for future comparisons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T06:29:29Z","timestamp":1551162569000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Stage at diagnosis for children with blood cancers in Australia: Application of the Toronto Paediatric Cancer Stage Guidelines in a population\u2010based national childhood cancer registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2721-9083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danny R.","family":"Youlden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University  Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1334-3670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematology\/Oncology Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4748-8552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Lindsay","family":"Frazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dana\u2010Farber\/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Translational Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Oncology Services Group Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"UQ Child Health Research Centre The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Baade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University  Gold Coast Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia C.","family":"Valery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e8le C.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"CRUK Manchester Institute and Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences University of Manchester  Manchester United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne F.","family":"Aitken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University  Gold Coast Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Resilient Regions University of 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