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Regions of interest were identified <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic> based on glucocorticoid receptor distribution, and sex\u2010stratified multivariable linear regression models were used to test associations between brain MRI morphology and total number of intrathecal injections, and serum concentration of dexamethasone and methotrexate. Compared with controls, ALL survivors have persistently smaller volumes in the bilateral cerebellum (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.005), hippocampal subregions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.03), temporal lobe regions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.03), frontal lobe regions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.04), and parietal lobe regions (precuneus; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.002). Long\u2010term problems with learning may be related to residual posttreatment brain differences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T06:50:00Z","timestamp":1565679000000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Neuroanatomical abnormalities related to dexamethasone exposure in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2021-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas S.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Oncology St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin 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