{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T03:09:16Z","timestamp":1792552156152,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23HL140142\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23HL140142\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23HL146901\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23HL146901\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013726","name":"Abraham J. and Phyllis Katz Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013726","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk for bacterial infections including osteomyelitis (OM). Fever and bone pain, key presenting symptoms of OM, are common in SCD, thus complicating diagnosis. We reviewed presentation, imaging features, and microbiologic etiologies of children with SCD treated for OM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The comprehensive SCD clinical database of children and adolescents with SCD followed at a single, large tertiary pediatric center were searched to identify all diagnostic coding for potential cases of osteomyelitis in children ages 6\u00a0months to 21\u00a0years from 2010 to 2019. Medical charts were reviewed to determine OM diagnostic probability based on radiographic and microbiologic findings and the duration of prescribed antibiotic treatment for OM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Review of 3553 patients (18\u00a0039 person\u2010years) identified 20 episodes of probable OM in 19 children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings to support OM were definitive in 4\/19 (21%), probable in 10\/19 (53%), suspected in 5\/19 (26%), based on blinded radiologist review. Blood and\/or operative cultures from bone and tissue debridement isolated <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> species in seven (35%) cases and methicillin\u2010susceptible <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MSSA) in two (10%). Six patients received antibiotic treatment prior to obtainment of cultures. Of culture\u2010positive cases, MRI findings for OM were definitive or probable in six of nine (67%), suspected in three of nine (33%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distinction between OM and sickle\u2010related bone infarct or vasoocclusion is difficult based on imaging findings alone. Early attainment of blood and operative cultures increases the likelihood of identifying and adequately treating OM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T14:01:09Z","timestamp":1595685669000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Microbiology and radiographic features of osteomyelitis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Carol M.","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Infectious Diseases Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6082-8385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne E.","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology\/Oncology Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Maillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0876-9506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitya","family":"Bakshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology\/Oncology Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8094-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradley S.","family":"Rostad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Services Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Jerris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology\/Oncology Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8631-0020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inci","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Infectious Diseases Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B3.2341455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"Acute bone and joint manifestations of sickle cell disease in children","volume":"86","author":"Rao SP","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Y State J 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