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Their equilibrium is critical to the optimal performance of cells with high metabolic activity such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and skeletal myocytes. Teenagers are at a high risk of iron deficiency even without anemia. Metal ion imbalances can cause cognitive impairments, muscle weakness, and sudden cardiac death. We aim to assess the current prevalence of iron deficiency among collegiate athletes in the Upper Midwest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study is a multicenter, retrospective chart review of outpatient clinics in a regional healthcare system between January 2012 and December 2023, and a national public database between 2017 and March 2020. We reviewed the ferritin concentrations of regional collegiate athletes having preparticipation sport evaluations and nationally in the NHANES database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 643 unique individuals aged 16\u201321 years with 253 having ferritin screening. Iron deficiency (ferritin &lt;20\u00a0mcg\/L) was present in 24.5% and hypoferritinemia (ferritin &lt;50\u00a0mcg\/L) was present in 66.7% of collegiate athletes. From the NHANES database, 12.7% of active sampled participants aged 16\u201321 years were iron deficient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study findings suggest the need for universal screening for iron deficiency among collegiate athletes given the high prevalence of iron deficiency in both the retrospective chart review and NHANES database analysis. Given the critical role of metal ion homeostasis to optimal mitochondrial function, these findings may warrant the inclusion of ferritin testing in cardiac, neurological, and skeletal muscle evaluations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.31437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T05:44:57Z","timestamp":1731390297000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Iron Deficiency in Collegiate Athletes Obtaining Preparticipation Hemoglobinopathy Screening in the Upper Midwest"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4149-3562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christineil","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\u2010Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Trushina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DeLisa","family":"Fairweather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Clinical and Translational Science Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darci","family":"Block","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Research Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Steien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0322-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Galardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\u2010Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al\u2010Huniti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\u2010Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"WHO Guideline on Use of Ferritin Concentrations to Assess Iron Status in Individuals and Populations [Internet]","year":"2020","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155747"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"476","article-title":"Correlation of Serum Ferritin With Haemoglobin A2 Level in Beta Thalassemia Traits","volume":"32","author":"Hameed M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573396320666230727102042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2023000494"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224739"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119946045.ch33"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2017.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11040755"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475\u20106773.2011.01357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2020.1740628"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics; 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