{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:41:54Z","timestamp":1773207714569,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001445","name":"Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001445","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003517","name":"Wipe Out Kids' Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003517","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012422","name":"Children's Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012422","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007914","name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001368","name":"V Foundation for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Blood &amp;amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) with chemotherapy may improve treatment response in children with solid tumors. We sought to determine the feasibility of combining vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide with the ICI atezolizumab in children with relapsed or refractory solid tumors (VITAS;).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients \u22656\u00a0months and \u226418\u00a0years old with a relapsed or refractory solid tumor, no prior ICI, and evaluable disease per RECIST v1.1 were eligible for the Phase I cohort (NCT04796012). Patients received atezolizumab 15\u00a0mg\/kg on Day 1, vincristine 1.5\u00a0mg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      on Day 1, irinotecan 50\u00a0mg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      on Days 1\u20135, and temozolomide 100\u00a0mg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      on Days 1\u20135 in 21\u2010day cycles. The primary endpoint was the number of patients with dose\u2010limiting toxicities (DLT) in the first two cycles of therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six patients (median age: 14\u00a0years) with rhabdomyosarcoma (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3), osteosarcoma (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2), and Ewing sarcoma (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1) received therapy and were evaluable for toxicity. Patients received a median of seven (range: 2\u201320) cycles of treatment. No patients experienced a DLT. One patient experienced Grade 2 immune\u2010related colitis. Four patients experienced Grade \u22653 adverse events (decreased neutrophil count, febrile neutropenia, weight loss, anorexia). One patient with rhabdomyosarcoma had a sustained partial response through 16 cycles. One patient with relapsed pulmonary osteosarcoma has ongoing stable disease through 20 cycles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atezolizumab combined with vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide was feasible and well tolerated in children with solid tumors. Efficacy of this regimen is now being assessed in relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma in an ongoing Phase II cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.32046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T11:38:37Z","timestamp":1757677117000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Feasibility of Atezolizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy for Children With Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4497-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Stutzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7358-8210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Primeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deseray","family":"Sida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4329-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Data Science &amp; Biostatistics Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avanthi T.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-1688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arhanti","family":"Sadanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1787-6901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Sokol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. 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