{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T19:54:03Z","timestamp":1761162843502,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]],"date-time":"2010-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Introduction \u2013 Recently, there have been growing attention on the modification and optimisation of new extraction and quantification methods, caused by the lack of environmentally friendly methodologies for the extraction of phytochemicals from complex matrices. In the case of pharmaceutical compounds, not only the extraction procedure but also the analysis method should be efficient, precise, fast and easy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives \u2013 The essential pharmaceutical characteristics and trace concentration of withanolides led us to modify and optimise the previously reported extraction and quantification procedure for withaferin A (WA) as a candidate for withanolides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Matrial and methods \u2013 The WA from the air\u2010dried aerial part of\n                    <jats:italic>Withania somnifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dunal. was extracted using a microwave\u2010assisted extraction (MAE) technique. Four variables affecting the extraction procedure were optimised using the central composite design approach. The method of high\u2010performance thin\u2010layer chromatography assay was validated and applied for the quantification of each experiment.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results \u2013 The optimum values of factors were: extraction time (150\u2009s), extraction temperature (68\u00b0C) and 17\u2009mL of methanol\u2009:\u2009water in the ratio 25\u2009:\u200975 as extracting solvent. The solvent system consisted of ethyl acetate\u2009:\u2009toluene\u2009:\u2009formic acid\u2009:\u20092\u2010propanol (7.0\u2009:\u20092.0\u2009:\u20090.5\u2009:\u20090.5, v\/v\/v\/v), and densitometric scanning at 220\u2009nm was applied for the analysis. The dynamic linear range, LOD, LOQ and recovery with the inter\u2010day, and intra\u2010day RSDs of the developed method indicated the validity of the method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion \u2013 A pressurised MAE method for extracting WA from the plant's aerial part was optimised using factorial\u2010based design. The net effect of time, temperature, solvent volume and its ratio suggests that the yield of WA increases until each factor reaches its optimum value, and decreases with further increase in temperature or solvent ratio. Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.1230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,24]],"date-time":"2010-06-24T05:56:53Z","timestamp":1277359013000},"page":"544-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Optimisation of a microwave\u2010assisted method for extracting withaferin A from\n                    <i>Withania somnifera<\/i>\n                    Dunal. using central composite design"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Fateme","family":"Mirzajani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Ghassempour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Jalali\u2010Heravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Mirjalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"New withanolides and other constituents from the fruit of Withania somnifera","volume":"6","author":"Abou\u2010Douh AM.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Pharm Med Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10870-005-9041-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2005.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.637"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)94714-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/np9910800415"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha): a review","volume":"1","author":"Gupta GL","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacog Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2006.05.087"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.599"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-006-9029-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-18659-2_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/a605447a"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200301552"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Chemical Separations: Principle Techniques and Experiments: a Combined text Laboratory Manual and References","author":"Meloan CE.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Chemometrics: Experimental Design","author":"Morgan E.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200400061"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","first-page":"193","volume-title":"High\u2010Performance Thin\u2010layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants","author":"Reich A","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","unstructured":"SangwanRS ChaurasivaND MisraLN LalP UniyalGC SangwanNS SrivastavaAK SuriKA QaziGN TuliR.2006. Process for isolation of withaferin\u2010A from plant materials and products therefrom. United States Patent 7108870."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/91.5.1154","article-title":"Simultaneous quantification of withanolides in Withania somnifera by a validated high\u2010performance thin\u2010layer chromatographic method","volume":"91","author":"Srivastava P","year":"2008","journal-title":"J AOAC Int"}],"container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpca.1230","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pca.1230","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T17:08:31Z","timestamp":1761066511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pca.1230"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pca.1230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pca.1230","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0958-0344","1099-1565"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0958-0344"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-1565"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-03-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}