{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:32:43Z","timestamp":1767339163914,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]],"date-time":"2018-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kaurene diterpenes (KDs) constitute a chemical class often found in the genus <jats:italic>Annona<\/jats:italic> with interesting biological activities. To date, chromatographic tools have been mostly used to determine KDs. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) has distinguished itself in quantitative estimation of natural products and is an interesting choice to assess total KD contents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish a <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H qNMR method for determining the total KD contents in extracts and fractions obtained from <jats:italic>Annona vepretorum<\/jats:italic> stems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stems were extracted with hexane and methanol, resulting in the hexane extract (HEX\u2010E) and the methanol extract (MeOH\u2010E). The former was partitioned with the acid\u2013base method to obtain the total alkaloid fraction (TA\u2010F) and the neutral dichloromethane fraction (NDM\u2010F). <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H qNMR measurements were performed on 400\u00a0MHz with samples solubilized in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide. Quantification was carried out using the signals at 4.71\u00a0and 4.78\u00a0ppm related to hydrogens of the exocyclic double bond of the basic skeleton of KDs and gallic acid as the standard reference. The selectivity, intra\u2010 and inter\u2010day precision, reproducibility, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and robustness of the methodology were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the newly developed method, the total KD contents (in \u03bcg\/mg) were 653.80\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.15 (HEX\u2010E), 458.90\u00a0\u00b1\u00a025.94 (NDM\u2010F), 375.60\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027.52 (TA\u2010F), and 315.10\u00a0\u00b1\u00a019.20 (MeOH\u2010E). For determining the most promising bioactive sample, the KD contents and the sample discriminations obtained by principal component analysis were correlated to the antibacterial activity. Such approach pointed out HEX\u2010E as a potential source of KDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The developed method offers a fast and simple way of determining total KD contents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T06:35:45Z","timestamp":1535610945000},"page":"83-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Total content of kaurene diterpenes in <i>Annona vepretorum<\/i> stems via <sup>1<\/sup>H qNMR: A method for speeding the identification of bioactive extracts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Camila","family":"de Souza Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010Graduate Program in Biotechnology State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS)  Feira de Santana BA 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