{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:44:47Z","timestamp":1790628287013,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2018QH006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2018QH006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Flavonoids are the most important and effective constituents in the thorns of\n \n Gleditsia sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n Lam., which have been known to show antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and anticoagulant activities. However, efficient extraction and separation methods for these flavonoids are not currently established.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To develop an efficient method for efficient extraction and rapid separation of flavonoids from the thorns of\n \n G. sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n using choline chloride deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and high\u2010speed counter\u2010current chromatography (HSCCC).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:title>\n \n As for extraction, DES composed of choline chloride and 1,4\u2010butanediol at 1:4 mole ratio, at an extraction temperature of 55\u00b0C, 20% of water content, 1:30 mg\/mL for solid\u2013liquid ratio, and 45 min for extraction time were selected as the optimised extraction method for flavonoids from the thorns of\n \n G. sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . As for separation, dichloromethane\u2013methanol\u2013\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010butanol\u2013water (4:3:0.5:2,\n v\/v<\/jats:italic>\n ) was applied to develop a successful strategy for purification of the flavonoids by HSCCC.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Totally, five flavonoids, including padmatin (\n 1<\/jats:bold>\n , 3.7 mg), isovitexin (\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n , 2.5 mg), 3\u2032,5,5\u2032,7\u2010tetrahydroxyflavanonol (\n 3<\/jats:bold>\n , 11.2 mg), 7,4\u2032\u2010dihydroxy\u20105,3\u2032\u2010dimethoxyflavanonol (\n 4<\/jats:bold>\n , 4.1 mg), and quercetin (\n 5<\/jats:bold>\n , 3.8 mg), were successfully obtained from 250 mg of the extracted flavonoids by HSCCC.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Results demonstrated that the combination of DES and HSCCC is a powerful technique for the extraction, and isolation of flavonoids from the thorns of\n \n G. sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n compared with conventional organic solvent extraction and column chromatography, which have been proven to provide higher extraction efficiency for flavonoids and rapidly obtain the quality control markers of flavonoids from the investigated plant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T01:33:15Z","timestamp":1600392795000},"page":"457-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Application of choline chloride deep eutectic solvents and high\u2010speed counter\u2010current chromatography to the extraction and purification of flavonoids from the thorns of\n \n Gleditsia sinensis<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n Lam"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7709-4610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinqian","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan P. 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4236-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan P. R. China"},{"name":"Shandong Analysis and Test Centre Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan P. R. 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