{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:45:38Z","timestamp":1789101938433,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) is one of the effective and reliable quantification tools for natural product research. <jats:italic>Myelochroa leucotyliza<\/jats:italic> belongs to the genus <jats:italic>Myelochroa<\/jats:italic>, a common foliose lichen genus found in the Korean Peninsula, and has not been quantitatively analysed using NMR. Previous chemical studies on <jats:italic>M. leucotyliza<\/jats:italic> have been limited to the main components by traditional thin\u2010layer chromatography (TLC) experiments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We explored the stability of atranorin, a major component of <jats:italic>M. leucotyliza<\/jats:italic>, in methanol and acetone using NMR and characterised the changes in the chemical profiles of the lichen extracts in methanol and acetone using qNMR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atranorin transformation in the presence of methanol was analysed using time\u2010dependent proton (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H)\u2010NMR analysis (600\u2009MHz NMR spectrometer). A <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H qNMR (qHNMR) method was established using dimethyl sulfone as the internal standard for quantifying the selected components isolated from <jats:italic>M. leucotyliza<\/jats:italic>. Homogenous mixtures of the samples were dissolved in deuterated chloroform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time\u2010dependent <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010NMR experiments revealed that atranorin (<jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>) from lichen <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>leucotyliza<\/jats:italic> decomposed into atraric acid (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>) and methyl haemmatommate (<jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>) in methanol. Four components were identified from <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>leucotyliza<\/jats:italic>: <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>, usnic acid (<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>), and <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>, and their respective contents were determined using qHNMR. The percentages (<jats:italic>w\/w<\/jats:italic>) of <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>, and <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold> in the methanol extract were calculated as 5.66%, 0.69%, and 0.90%, while those of <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>, and <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold> in the acetone extract were 1.70%, 1.68%, and 19.11%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used qHNMR to effectively analyse quantitative compositional variations in two different <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>leucotyliza<\/jats:italic> extracts and reliably determined the chemical conversion of the unstable compound atranorin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.3048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T21:49:25Z","timestamp":1617140965000},"page":"1067-1073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Compositional variation of atranorin\u2010related components of lichen <i>Myelochroa leucotyliza<\/i> dependent on extraction solvent and their quantitative analysis by qHNMR"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Manju","family":"Ojha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan\u2010si Gyeongsangbukdo Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Seo","family":"Kil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan\u2010si Gyeongsangbukdo Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ui Joung","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Sciences Korean Polar Research Institute (KIOST)  Incheon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Polar Sciences University of Science and Technology  Incheon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Jun","family":"Ok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Research Support Centre for Natural Products and Medical Materials Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan\u2010si Gyeongsangbukdo Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyukjae","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan\u2010si Gyeongsangbukdo Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan\u2010si Gyeongsangbukdo Republic of 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