{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1779163551549,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,23]],"date-time":"2023-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFN0068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFN0068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/jats:italic> has the effects of relieving cough, removing phlegm, and reducing asthma, but little is known about the metabolic and distribution of its chemical constituents in vivo. Therefore, it is necessary to study the metabolism of <jats:italic>Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/jats:italic> in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to (1) analyze the distribution of prototype compounds and metabolites of the chemical constituents of <jats:italic>Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/jats:italic> in rat and (2) infer the metabolites and metabolic pathways of the chemical constituents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A C<jats:sub>18<\/jats:sub> column (3\u2009\u00d7\u2009100\u2009mm, 2.6\u00a0\u03bcm) was used. The mobile phase was water containing 0.1% formic acid (eluent A) and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (eluent B) at a discharge rate of 0.3\u00a0mL\/min. Mass spectra of biological samples were collected in electrospray ionization (ESI) positive ion mode in the <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> 100\u20131500 scan range. The obtained biological samples were then subjected to chemical analysis, including plasma, urine, feces, and heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and small intestine tissues. Prototype compounds and metabolites were identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 40 prototype compounds and 78 metabolites, including 26 phase I metabolites and 52 phase II metabolites, were identified using UHPLC\u2013Q\/Orbitrap HRMS. Eight possible metabolic pathways (reduction, hydrolysis, dehydration, methylation, hydroxylation, sulfation, glucuronidation, and demethylation) were proposed. The prototype compounds were predominantly distributed in lung tissues. The metabolites were mainly distributed in plasma and kidney tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We systematically investigated the metabolites of <jats:italic>Citri<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/jats:italic> in vivo. We suggest metabolic pathways that might be relevant for further metabolic studies and screening of active ingredients of <jats:italic>Citrus Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/jats:italic> in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.3262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,23]],"date-time":"2023-07-23T20:30:27Z","timestamp":1690144227000},"page":"938-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Identification of in vivo metabolites of <i>Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus<\/i> by UHPLC\u2013Q\/Orbitrap HRMS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9125-7861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of 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