{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T03:59:13Z","timestamp":1784692753223,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82274094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82274094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CI2023E002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2023E002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytochemical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnoliae officinalis cortex (MOC) is an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and both raw and stir\u2010fried MOC were commonly used in clinic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to discriminate MOC and MOC stir\u2010fried with ginger juice (MOCG) using an integrated approach combining liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry (LC\/MS), gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry (GC\/MS), intelligent sensors, and chemometrics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sensory characters of the samples were digitalized using intelligent sensors, i.e., colorimeter, electronic nose, and electronic tongue. Meanwhile, the chemical profiles of the samples were analyzed using LC\/MS and GC\/MS methods. Chemometric models were constructed to discriminate samples of MOC and MOCG based on not only the sensory data but also the chemical data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The differential sensory characters (<jats:italic>L*<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>b*<\/jats:italic> from colorimeter, ANS from electronic tongue, W1S and W2S from electronic nose) and the differential chemical compounds (26 and 11 compounds from LC\/MS and GC\/MS, respectively) were discovered between MOC and MOCG. Furthermore, twelve differential compounds showed good relations with differential sensory characters. Finally, artificial neural network models were established to discriminate samples of MOC and MOCG, in which W1S, W2S, ANS, <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>*, and 10 differential compounds were among the top 10 important variables, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Samples of MOC and MOCG can be discriminated not only by the digitalized data of color, taste, and scent detected by intelligent sensors but also by chemical information obtained from LC\/MS and GC\/MS using chemometrics. The variations in sensory characters and chemical compounds between MOC and MOCG partially resulted from the Maillard reaction products and the oxidation of some compounds in the stir\u2010frying process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.3430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T01:52:35Z","timestamp":1722995555000},"page":"194-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An integrated approach for discrimination of Magnoliae officinalis cortex before and after being processed by ginger juice combining LC\/MS, GC\/MS, intelligent sensors, and chemometrics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0833-8420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao\u2010di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artemisinin Research Center China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-4317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao\u2010di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao\u2010di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao\u2010di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China","author":"Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201079717\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"1786","article-title":"Discriminating processed betel nut's degree of stir\u2010frying and quantizing empirical index based on color difference meter and electronic nose fingerprint analyzer","volume":"34","author":"Huang XS","year":"2009","journal-title":"China J Chin Mater Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17051073"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1208055"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.2017100001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.3208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068\u2010016\u20100239\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2022422"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.115968"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210220.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2016.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116749"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.202100982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.3123"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"2431","article-title":"Effects of tree ages and geographic area on quality of bark of Magnolia officinalis and M. 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