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However, knowledge about the neurobiology of extinction is insufficient. The present study investigated changes in the protein expression of mineralocorticoid receptors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content>) and glucocorticoid receptors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRs<\/jats:styled-content>) in the dorsal hippocampus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DH<\/jats:styled-content>)and ventral hippocampus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content>), induced by extinction and return of conditioned fear responses to an auditory signal. Western blot analysis indicated that shock stress enhanced the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in only the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DH<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas extinction selectively increased the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content>. The infusion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> antagonist spironolactone in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> indicated that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> did not affect the retrieval of fear and extinction memories, but facilitated the formation of extinction memory. However, no changes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRs<\/jats:styled-content> in either the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DH<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> were observed in each phase of auditory fear conditioning. These results suggest that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> have differential functions in the extinction of auditory fear conditioning. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DH<\/jats:styled-content> appear to be related to only stressful experiences, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> are involved in extinction formation. The enhancement of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRs<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VH<\/jats:styled-content> might be necessary to improve <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pchj.58","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T02:47:20Z","timestamp":1404355640000},"page":"201-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mineralocorticoid receptors in the ventral hippocampus are involved in extinction memory in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunjing","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengkui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xigeng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091\u20103057(98)00071\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006\u20103223(02)01546\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.78804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/Jci115086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2009.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903240204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1998.3898"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-05-01720.2001","article-title":"Hippocampal inactivation disrupts contextual retrieval of fear memory after extinction","volume":"21","author":"Corcoran K. 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