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In the present study, two animal models of depression were compared: a chronic stress model using forced swim stress and an immune activation model using repeated central lipopolysaccharide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>) infusion. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010\u03b1, interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20101\u03b2, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> were examined in the brain regions of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus using real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT\u2010PCR<\/jats:styled-content>). It was found that both chronic swim stress and repeated central <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content> infusion induced depressive\u2010like behaviors, including decreased body weight, reduced saccharin preference, and increased immobility time or shortened latency of immobility in the tail suspension test. Central <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression was elevated in both models and central <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression was unchanged in both models. Central <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression was increased only in the chronic immune activation model. The findings from this study suggest that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 may be a common risk factor for inflammation in depressive disorders.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pchj.87","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,2]],"date-time":"2015-04-02T19:51:26Z","timestamp":1428004286000},"page":"113-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Comparison of stress\u2010induced and <scp>LPS<\/scp>\u2010induced depressive\u2010like behaviors and the alterations of central proinflammatory cytokines <scp>mRNA<\/scp> in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Xi\u2010ting","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010juan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010ming","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306\u20104530(98)00077\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460\u20109568.2000.01348.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900017442","article-title":"Structural changes in the brain in depression and relationship to symptom recurrence","volume":"7","author":"Bremner J. 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