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We searched for and critically appraised systematic reviews that examined the effectiveness of PFA during infectious disease outbreaks, such as the novel coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019). Systematic reviews that examined the efficacy of PFA in the severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Ebola virus disease, and COVID\u201019 outbreaks were searched through PubMed on February 19, 2021. The three included systematic reviews were critically appraised and assessed using AMSTAR\u20102. One review's overall confidence in its findings was evaluated as \u201chigh,\u201d which suggested that PFA training had a favorable effect on healthcare personnel. Furthermore, the review also demonstrated that PFA was commonly used during outbreaks and could be delivered through multiple methods, such as a phone or video call. Although it was anticipated that PFA would improve subjective well\u2010being, reports showed no evidence of reduced depression or insomnia. Future studies should examine additional numbers of PFA recipients and conduct quasi\u2010experimental studies to better understand the effectiveness of PFA. Evidence on its effectiveness in infectious disease outbreaks is still lacking, along with research and evaluation methods. Quasi\u2010experimental studies, such as comparisons with other psychological interventions, are required to better understand the effectiveness of PFA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T00:23:27Z","timestamp":1686270207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of psychological first aid in infectious disease pandemics: An overview of systematic reviews"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4652-6994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahide","family":"Koda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Learning Community Healthcare Re\u2010Innovation Office Graduate School of Medicine Okayama 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