{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:04:59Z","timestamp":1753869899575,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PCN Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a case of suspected autoimmune encephalopathy with involuntary movements and concomitant cognitive dysfunction after COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The patient is a male in his 20s who presented with fever and generalized involuntary movements and was diagnosed with COVID\u201019. The involuntary movements improved slightly, and the fever resolved within a week of the diagnosis. However, about a month later, the patient presented with severe recurrence of the involuntary movements. Antiepileptic drugs were ineffective, and the patient was re\u2010hospitalized with suspected autoimmune encephalopathy. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was difficult to assess accurately due to involuntary movements. Neuropsychological testing on re\u2010admission revealed mild memory impairment, executive dysfunction, and decreased processing speed. We treated the patient with methylprednisolone (mPSL) 1000\u2009mg\/day for a total of 8 days and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) 27.5\u2009g\/day for 5 days. Involuntary movements were mild after 59 days. A repeat neuropsychological assessment conducted 3 weeks later showed improvement of both memory and executive functions. The patient was discharged on Day 75, and he returned to work the following month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our patient reported herein, early and appropriate treatment was successful. Impaired activities of daily living and cognitive dysfunction rapidly improved. The case serves to underscore the importance of early detection and intervention for the sequelae of COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T06:39:25Z","timestamp":1721111965000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A case of suspected autoimmune encephalopathy with involuntary movements and cognitive dysfunction post\u2010COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1320-3253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yosuke","family":"Tenpaku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital Aichi Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Health Science Aichi Gakuin University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Mabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kawase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Oguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Tatsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science Aichi Gakuin University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01433-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-02152-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201187"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2021.100210"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.20106"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"S6","article-title":"Post\u2010COVID\u201019 myoclonus\u2010ataxia syndrome responsive to intravenous immunoglobulins","volume":"11","author":"Godani M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14726"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10458-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14478"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2020.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2020.06.005"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pcn5.224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T14:41:13Z","timestamp":1727102473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pcn5.224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pcn5.224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pcn5.224","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2769-2558","2769-2558"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2769-2558"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2769-2558"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e224"}}