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Participants had a mean age of 41.1 years (standard deviation 9.7) and most were men. About half had not completed high school or had criminal records, including drug offenses. Data were collected through eight follow\u2010up assessments conducted approximately every 6 months. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis was used to calculate 5\u2010year survival rates, and age\u2010specific mortality was evaluated among participants. A Cox proportional hazards model identified characteristics influencing mortality risk, including demographic factors, medical history, and abstinence maintenance. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess mortality risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The survival rate was 95.4%, with 14 deaths recorded. Mortality was highest among participants aged over 60 years. Age and the presence of bloodborne or sexually transmitted infections were significantly associated with higher mortality, while abstinence was associated with reduced mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study is the first to examine survival rates and mortality factors among individuals with DUD in drug addiction recovery centers in Japan. Findings suggest that these facilities may help prevent drug relapses and reduce mortality risk, while highlighting aging and infections as key factors linked to mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T08:19:49Z","timestamp":1747297189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characteristics linked to mortality risk among individuals with drug use disorders enrolled in drug rehabilitation facilities in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0644-1520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satomi","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8906-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Shimane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Inoura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing Faculty of Nursing, Niigata Seiryo University  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201604050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0338-9_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32832a2349"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129550126146"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt219"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867413491155"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.961014559.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14053"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000312"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.2277"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2019.0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jurban\/jtg030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BaileyG FarrI EvansH AhmedS OhaeriC O'GormanL et al. 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